Category Archives: Legends

Narratives about belief.

Urban legend

Nationality: American
Age: 20
Occupation: Student, University of Southern California
Residence: Arlington, VA
Performance Date: 14 April 2011
Primary Language: English

My informant heard the following urban legend from her older sister, who lives in northern Virginia. She says that she doesn’t really believe it, but it could be true because of the chemical reactions involving alka seltzer.

“If you feed a seagull alka seltzer, the bird will explode within around half an hour because it can’t expel the gas through farting or burping so the gas builds up inside it. My sister heard this from a friend in her rock-climbing group in Virginia, and he said he had tried the experiment with his brother or something.”

My informant is not sure if this is true, but says she thinks it seems plausible. She is skeptical, however, about whether or not her sister’s friend actually tried the experiment. I have also heard this urban legend, though I heard from my older cousin while feeding seagulls at a beach barbecue when I was around ten. There is a similar urban legend involving rice, which says that birds will die after eating rice because the grain expands in their stomach. I do not believe either of these are very plausible, but could not find any definitive information on either.

Legend – Hong Kong, China

Nationality: Chinese
Age: 19
Occupation: Student
Residence: Los Angeles, CA
Performance Date: April 2007
Primary Language: English
Language: Cantonese, Mandarin

Chinese New Year Story

“So, um, a long time ago, there was this really scary monster that lived on a mountain called… like, I guess you would translate it as Year Monster.  On the last day of every year this Year Monster would come down from his mountain to the nearby village and would terrorize this village… and so all the villagers were very scared every time it was new years eve.  And so.. on year, um, the villagers were, you know, getting ready to like run away from the village for one day in preparation for the coming of the monster.  But this old woman who could not move was left behind… and so she was really scared and so she was sitting in her kitchen and then at that time there was an old beggar who, in passing, asked the old woman for something to eat.  So this old woman gave him something and the beggar asked “why isn’t there anyone in this village? That’s really strange.” And this old woman told the beggar about the Year Monster and so after this beggar listens to her story, he laughs and says, “haha! Don’t worry! I have an idea” you need to prepare some red cloth and red paper to paste on the door and light as many lights as you can.” And so night fell and the Year Monster came to the village and the beggar sat in front of the door and burned bamboo canes which made piercing noises and the Year Monster was scared and he was rolling about on the ground and saw this red light that hurt his eyes and he cried, “oh this is so painful!” and he was so scared that he just went back to his home in the mountains.  The next day the villagers went back to the village and they were surprised to see the old woman still there.  The old woman told her what had happened and so in celebration of scaring away the Year Monster, everyone started calling the day that the monster was supposed to come down in the village, “passing of the  year.” And so since then as a tradition, every year people would set off fire works and paste red spring festival cutlets on their doors.

This is a story told to the informant around the time of Chinese New year when she was growing up in Hong Kong.  She said that both her grandmother told her this tale, and they were also read a lengthier version in school.  We can see from the telling above that there are moments of hesitation where the informant is trying to piece together the sequence of events and details of the story.  The informant is in a transitional stage of life where she has not quite reached the status to be a teller of the story, but also has not been young enough to have it told her for quite a few years.  She expressed an excited nostalgia when recalling this story and quickly recalled more details… “Oh and then after they would read to us, we would all make red spring festival cutlets! And we would decorate them and write our calligraphy on them.”

The Year Monster in contemporary form: Chinese dragon

The other pieces of the story also serve as an explanation for other traditional elements of Chinese New Year celebration. The essence of the burning bamboo canes clearly remains with the rampant tradition of fireworks.  The informant could not emphasize enough the prevalence of the fireworks, “they’re going off ALL the time.  Everyone just gets used to it, it’s like the sirens of the emergency vehicles in Los Angeles except ALL the time.” Although in the actual practice of lighting the fireworks, there is no longer mention of the scaring away of the Year Monster.  The Year Monster itself remains in the form of the dragon and dragon dancing that is also a traditional part of celebratory practices.

It is interesting to note the unlikely heroism in this story.  The old, disabled woman and the beggar seemed to me a very unusual pair to be in the business of warding off terrorizing monsters.  When I inquired about this to the informant, she was struck for a moment as she had never thought of this before but was eventually able to recall an interesting parallel in Buddhist culture, she explained, “yeah that’s strange isn’t it… yeah actually now that I think about it, I remember there is something about in Buddhist culture, the Chinese equivalent of… spirits? No I guess more like angels, come down and pretend to be beggars to test people and see if they were kind.”  It seems the philanthropy of this old woman serves as model Buddhist behavior, whether the beggar was an angel or not, he repaid her generosity by saving her life along with offering future protection to the rest of the villagers.

Legend – Hawaii

Age: 21
Occupation: Student
Residence: Honolulu, HI
Performance Date: March 21, 2007
Primary Language: English

Nightmarchers

Ihilani heard the story of the nightmarchers when she was 8 years old during a weekend trip to her grandparents’ house.  Her grandparents loved telling her old Hawaiian stories, and they often sat by her bed telling her tales.  One of the stories was a legend about the nightmarchers, a group of dead warriors who are believed to rise from their burial sites on certain nights.  It is thought that the warriors march towards the battlegrounds and that anyone who stands in their way will die.  As the nightmarchers travel along the path, a feeling of uneasiness can be detected around them.  Therefore, when Hawaiians sense sickness or ill-being in their family, they rearrange the furniture in their house to avoid the paths of the nightmarchers.

Though Ihiliani has never seen the nightmarchers with her own eyes, she still believes in the legend.  Whenever she feels uneasy or senses a tension in the air, she believes that it’s because the spirits of the nightmarchers are walking by.  The sound of drums and loud chanting also scares her because they are warning signs that the nightmarchers are approaching.  She says this sentiment is similar to those of other Hawaiians.  Many of the citizens fear the spirits, and in order to prevent the evil spirits from entering their homes, some even place leaves on the outside of their houses to ward off the spirits.

The Hawaiian’s fear of the nightmarchers appear to be linked with their respect for the fallen warriors.  The nightmarchers were once warriors of high rank and were held in high esteem by the Hawaiian citizens.  The people’s fear of the nightmarchers, therefore, appear to be stemmed from the spirits’ power and their abilities to inflict pain on the people.  The Hawaiian’s strong belief in the existence of spirits is also evident in this legend.  Therefore, the nightmarchers are indicators of the large role spirits and the mythical world play in the culture of Hawaii.

Legend

Nationality: African-American
Residence: Tujunga, CA
Performance Date: April 2007
Primary Language: English

“Wolf at the Campsite”

Gerad is presently a student at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, but he grew up in Tujunga, California. His mother is African-American and grew up in Augusta, Georgia and his father is Caucasian and grew up in upstate New York.

Gerad first heard the story at the age of seven, while on a camping trip with his two sisters and his father. His father told him the legend on two separate occasions. He thinks that the legend is a way in which his father convinced him and his sisters to go to sleep at a reasonable time and to not stay up late in the dark.

The Legend of the Wolf at the Campsite always begins the same way; “A father and his children drove to a campsite in the deep and dark woods. They arrived late at night and had a very difficult time setting up the tent. There was a full moon out and there were strange sounds coming from the woods. The children were scared by the strange noises and the eerie nature of the night, so they asked their father if everything was all right at this campsite. The father said that there was nothing to worry about, as long as all the children go to sleep at a reasonable hour- that wolves only come out at night to get bad children who disobey their parents. The children seemed to be assured of the safety of the area, so not thinking twice about it, they decided to sneak out of the tent at night to play. This was a big mistake. The wolves came out from the surrounding woods and began to attack the children… they screamed but their father was sound asleep.” And the story always ends in the same fashion. The teller explains to the audience that the same thing could happen to them if they disobey as well.

This legend seems to have been invented by an adult who wanted to scare his children into behaving properly. Although there is the possibility that this legend may be true, it is unknown.

Legend

Residence: Marietta, GA
Performance Date: April 2007
Primary Language: English

“Soft Drink Can Contamination”

Glenn is a resident of Marietta, Georgia, a relatively large-sized suburb of Atlanta. He is originally from Thomaston, Georgia a geographically southern town located near the border of Florida and Georgia. He is a graduate of the Georgia Institute of Technology and works as a Civil Engineer.

Glenn tells me that he has heard that it is unsafe to drink from a soda-can unless the lid is washed in the sink first prior to opening. He says that he has heard a legend that apparently the factories and warehouses where the cans are manufactured are rodent-infested and therefore the cans may have fecal matter remains from these creatures. He has been told that often times the surfaces of the can containers are not sanitary and require washing- especially because of the design of the can. He says that as a result of the way the can is poorly designed, the external surface of the can actually punctures into the drink itself when the consumer pops the top. He claims that he has heard that a person became seriously ill due to contamination from the lid of the soda can.

Though he is unsure as to whether or not anyone actually became seriously ill as a result of poor sanitation regarding the soda cans, he says it doesn’t hurt to wash the top just in case. Coming from an engineering perspective it seems that he is unsatisfied with the whole mechanization of the canning process and expresses a level of distrust in regards to the unsanitary conditions in which the cans are stored prior to shipping for sales and eventual consumption.

It seems that he has a lack of trust for other people to ensure his own sanitary health and safety. I think this may be a common distrust that is plaguing society- the inability to trust that others are doing their part to ensure a healthy and clean environment for food and drink production and consumption. This risk of contamination may stem from a general distrust towards others in general.