Category Archives: Folk speech

Motivation/American Dream Proverb

Informant Info

Race/Ethnicity: White

Age: 21

Occupation: College Student

Residence: Connecticut, USA

Date of Performance: February 13, 2025

Primary Language: English

Other Language(s): N/A

Relationship: Friend

Text: “The early bird gets the worm.” 

Context: This proverb was often shared by the informant’s parents throughout his childhood, particularly during his school years. Whenever the informant procrastinated on assignments, especially when the due date was approaching, his parents would remind him to stay ahead of his responsibilities with this saying. 

Analysis: This saying highlights the importance of getting ahead of things, working hard, and being disciplined. It taps into a major value in American culture, where the idea of the “American Dream” suggests that anyone can achieve success if they’re willing to put in the effort. The “early bird” idea is all about seizing opportunities and not waiting until the last minute, which speaks to the drive for success that’s so common in the U.S. The informant’s experience shows how this proverb wasn’t just some old piece of wisdom—it was a practical tool for getting things done, especially when it came to schoolwork. It reinforces the belief that taking initiative, being responsible, and staying ahead of your tasks can help you succeed, something that’s at the heart of how success is often viewed in Western culture.

Jack of all trades, master of none

Nationality: American
Age: 19
Occupation: Student
Residence: Los Angeles, CA
Language: English

Text: “Jack of all trades, master of none”

Informant: “‘Jack of all trades, master of none’ is a proverb that greatly resonates with me and my craft. I often find myself bouncing around from idea to idea, unable to hone in on one particular skill set. This proverb induces feelings of annoyance and stress as I navigate my field, looking for a route that satisfies me. In an industry of underpaid post-production workers, this proverb is especially worth contemplating, as much as I’d rather not.” 

Interpretation: The proverb “Jack of all trades, master of none” has been used as a warning against overstretching yourself rather than becoming an expert in just one area. The informant finds the statement to be stressful and frustrating, which is shown in the modern reality of creative industries where adaptability is frequently required but not always rewarding. Their story demonstrates the conflict between specialization and flexibility, particularly in a business like post-production in the film industry, where having several skills can be a source of both professional uncertainty and survival. The expression shifts from describing a straightforward reality to describing a continuous conflict in which the necessity to wear several hats and the pressure to succeed in one area collide.

“Jiminy Crickets!”

Nationality: American
Age: 60
Occupation: Writer
Language: English

Context

My mother often used the phrase “Jiminy Crickets!” as a response to something that shocked or surprised her. I mean she even does it to this day. “Jiminy Crickets!” is a reference to the character Jiminy Cricket from Disney’s Pinocchio (1940). Here, the name is a euphemism for “Jesus Christ,” another exclamation with more socially risky language given attitudes around using the Lord’s name “in vain.” This makes the phrase a minced oath: a watered-down substitute for another phrase the conveys the same sentiment.

Analysis

Like many minced oaths, this phrase is meant to avoid using words considered taboo by certain communities while still expressing the same meaning. This phrase is a prime example of popular culture influencing folk vernacular. Apparently, John Bartlett in his 1848 book Dictionary of Americanisms makes note of “by Jiminy,” another exclamation that is itself a corruption of the Greek gemini twins. It seems that the name Jiminy has come completely full circle within American vernacular. It started as folk speech before becoming subsumed by a popular character, only to resurrect itself as a minced oath in the present day. From mythology, to everyday speech, to pop culture icon, to minced oath. The cyclical journey of “Jiminy Crickets” tells us a lot about how our culture influences folk language and vice versa.

“Christ on a Cracker!”

Nationality: American
Age: 60
Occupation: Writer
Language: English

Context

Over the summer, I had said this phrase in front of a friend on a long walk back home. Given that my friend had never heard it before, I thought I had come up with it! I couldn’t remember where I had first heard it. Cut to a conversation with my mother about a month later and, lo and behold, I am not as original as I thought. My mother had heard it before, but where, she couldn’t say. We’ve certainly heard it said before, either to or around us. Otherwise, how could we have known it?

“Christ on a cracker” is an expletive phrase, used to express frustration or shock. It also serves as a minced oath, a watered-down form of more tabooistic wording, in this case a form of “Christ” or “Jesus Christ.”

Analysis

Unlike other minced oaths, which use euphemism to mask taboo words, this one doesn’t fully embrace euphemism to hide the societal taboo, in this case taking the Abrahamic God’s name in vain. “Christ” leads the phrase front and center, perhaps even “Jesus Christ” if you feel so compelled. Rather, it relies on humorous alliteration to compensate for the taboo it’s trying to avoid. The use of “cracker” brings to mind communion bread, so there’s another possible religious connection for the exact wording.

There’s also an element of absurdism in this phrase. It immediately puts an image of the Messiah on a piece of cooked grain in your mind. Is this another tactic the phrase employs to distract from the taboo language it uses, or is it meant to further violate social conventions?

“When it Hits the Fan”

Nationality: American
Age: 21
Language: English

Context

When thinking of possible folk speech I could include in the archive, I asked my roommates what euphemistic phrases they had heard growing up. One chimed in with “when it hits the fan,” a less offensive version of “when shit hits the fan” that his parents would use around the house growing up. It conveys the same meaning, describing a situation that has suddenly turned disastrous, but employs more polite words. Personally, I’d only ever heard, or used, the original, vulgar version, and I couldn’t find any sources on others who might’ve used this phrase.

Analysis

I think this is a prime example of when we rewrite common, colloquial phrases for a younger audience. Given that I haven’t been able to find many instances of the phrase elsewhere, it seems likely that my roommates parents and the people around him deliberately censored the phrase while he was growing up. I’d argue that de-vulgarized phrases like “when it hits the fan” allows younger members of society to participate in colloquial exchange that they would otherwise wouldn’t be able to. Despite the arbitrariness of words being considered polite or impolite, phrases like this allow children to stretch their linguistic muscles and engage in what would otherwise be too mature for them.