Category Archives: Legends

Narratives about belief.

Macbeth

Age: 22
Occupation: Student
Residence: Los Angeles, CA
Performance Date: 3/31/23
Primary Language: English

Text: “Macbeth!”

Context: The informant is from Las Vegas, NV and learned about the legend of Macbeth (and how you are NOT supposed to say Macbeth in a theater) when she played the titular character “Macbeth” in her 5th grade production (Alexander Dawson Elementary School). She was told by her teacher as a warning. She states “It is bad luck to say Macbeth in a theater and your show will be cursed with bad luck if you do. I don’t know the reason why, but I know that you aren’t supposed to say it.” She believes that “Macbeth is such a powerful character and so people associate it with his power” and that’s why they don’t say it in theaters.

Analysis: In the past, different productions of Macbeth have been “cursed” — There have been several accounts of real violence and death occurring during various productions of the Scottish Play. Most commonly known is a production where a real dagger was brought on stage and used to kill an actor, on stage, in front of a real audience. Since then, it is considered “bad luck” to say Macbeth in a theater when you are not performing the show itself. And, as actors tend to be very superstitious, avoiding the name “Macbeth” is a common practice in theaters still. If someone does accidentally say it, they are supposed to go outside the theater, spin in a circle three times, and say a foul word to “undo” the curse. I believe that this is also used as a way for performers to justify having a “good” or “bad” performance—they can place the blame on something other than their own abilities. 

Meatball Song

Age: 22
Occupation: student
Residence: Los Angeles
Performance Date: 3/28/23
Primary Language: English

Text: On top of spaghetti, 

All covered with cheese,

I lost my poor meatball, 

When somebody sneezed.

It rolled off the table,

And on to the floor,

And then my poor meatball,

Rolled out of the door.

It rolled in the garden,

And under a bush,

And then my poor meatball,

Was nothing but mush.

The mush was as tasty

As tasty could be,

And then the next summer, 

It grew into a tree.

The tree was all covered,

All covered with moss,

And on it grew meatballs,

And tomato sauce.

So if you eat spaghetti,

All covered with cheese,

Hold on to your meatball,

Whenever you sneeze.

Context: The informant is from Del Mar, CA and first heard this song when she was “deep in her childhood…like 7 or 8”.  She doesn’t remember who she learned it from, but thinks it was somewhere on TV or “some sort of kid show”. She would sing the song when she ate spaghetti as a joke with her younger sister. She believes the song is just a fun kid song. 

Analysis: I believe that this legend about a meatball is meant to teach the children about health and wellness. More specifically, about covering your sneezes because if you don’t you could lose something (perhaps your good health). Additionally, the song may be commenting on protecting your valuables, taking good care of them, and not letting others take them away from you or mess them up somehow. It teaches children to value what they have before it is gone. 

El Cucuy

“There’s like a monster called El Cucuy, kinda like the boogeyman, it’s meant to scare children. Basically if you misbehaved El Cucuy would like to come and get you.”

Background: The informant’s parents never used it to scare her as a child, she would sometimes hear it from family members at parties or at dinners. She says it was used more in a joking manner in her family, rather than as a tactic to keep the kids in line.

Analysis: The El Cucuy is mainly viewed as a Spanish myth or legend but it can also be viewed as a superstition as it is able to mysteriously hide under the beds of misbehaving children. El Cucuy is often equated with the Western idea of the boogeyman and has many different variations such as Coco, Coca, Cuca, or Cucuí. Many cultures often have a boogeyman in order to prevent children from misbehaving, though most families don’t take it seriously in today’s society, often using it in a joking manner so as to not completely terrify children.

Nián (年)

Text: 

“There was this mythical beast that used to hang out in the bamboo forest, or the forest near a rural small town. And every year he would come up and cause a rampage, break the houses, eat everything and just cause a mess, eat humans, all these bad things. And they named the beast, Nián (年), because it comes every year, so his name is literally year. And so one day they realized when they were making lots of noises Nián gets scared of loud noises, so they started making really loud noises and they also learned that Nián doesn’t like the color red. So whenever the new year starts they would have explosions and fireworks and they’d make everything super red to scare away the beast. And ever since then he stopped bothering them.”

Background: The informant first heard this story from her mom when learning about the lunar festival. 

Analysis: 

This legend is often told during the Lunar New Year. It describes the origins of Chinese Lunar New Year traditions. When I first learned of the legend I was not told that the beast had a name. Though now thinking about it, the name, Nián, is fitting for the beast as it comes every year. Traditionally, people dress in red on Lunar New Year believing it will bring luck and wealth. People also set off fireworks and firecrackers to chase away bad spirits that may wish them harm. The legend has become a very important part of Chinese Lunar New Year traditions and has little variation despite its age. Often legends, myths, and tales have multiple variations from circulating around for such a long time, but this legend has more or less stayed the same.

“死鱼正口，收杆就走” —Chinese Angler’s Superstition

Nationality: Chinese
Age: 19

Text:
“死鱼正口，收杆就走”
Translation: Grab the rod and go if you got a dead fish.

Context:
This is a superstition that Chinese anglers believe in. The informant is an angler, and he learned this saying on the Chinese online forum of fishers. The dead fish is believed to be attached to the fishing rod by the water monsters(水鬼). If the angler keeps fishing, he will be the next water monster. To protect oneself, the angler must burn the paper money and prepare meat for the water monster, a ritual to appease the water monster. Although the informant does not believe in monsters, he still respects and shares this term with others. The informant is also sure that all anglers in China know this term as it’s a general term.

Analysis:
As a well-known term, the saying has some practical meaning, while the ritual is a common way Chinese people deal with creatures that are not human beings. The saying itself, which warns anglers about dead fish, might be a cautionary saying. When one catches a dead fish, it might mean the water is contaminated, which causes the death of the fish. Thus one should stop fishing at that location and avoid eating the fish. The ritual of appeasing the water monster involves the Chinese superstition of offering food and money to things in another world. Burning paper money is a way to provide money to the dead, and it is believed that supernatural creatures can consume the food humans provide them. By “worshiping” the water monster, anglers can avoid being harmed by the water monsters.