Author Archives: Chia Okwaraibekwe

South Sudanese Wedding Cattle Exchange

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In many South Sudanese cultures, especially among the Dinka and Nuer, marriage involves the transfer of cattle from the groom’s family to the bride’s. This is not just a dowry but a symbol of unity, wealth, and respect. The more cattle given, the higher the bride’s value.

Context:

My informant, who is South Sudanese, said her father gave over 60 cattle for her mother’s hand in marriage. She said cattle are sacred in her culture and that they represent life and prosperity. She also explained that even today, despite moving to the US, her family still participates in bride-price negotiations with cattle counted back home.

Interpretation:

This practice shows that cattle are very important in South Sudanese culture. They are not just animals, they represent money, life, and respect. Giving cattle during marriage shows how much the groom’s family values the bride and her family. It also shows that marriage is not just between two people, but between two families. The exchange of cattle helps create strong bonds and trust between both sides. If there are problems in the marriage later, the families are more likely to help because they are connected through this tradition. Even families who have moved away or live in other countries still keep this custom, which shows how important it is to their identity and culture.

Igbo Wedding Wine-Carrying Ceremony

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In a traditional Igbo wedding, one of the most significant moments is the bride’s wine-carrying ritual. During this part of the ceremony, the bride walks through a crowd of guests with a cup of palm wine in her hand, searching for her groom. The setting is usually vibrant and loud, with friends and family cheering her on, sometimes trying to distract her. When she finally finds her groom, she kneels before him and offers him the wine. If he accepts and drinks from the cup, it symbolizes that he is her chosen partner. The bride then leads him back to her father to formally introduce him, sealing their union in front of the community.

Context:

My informant is a friend who is Nigerian American and identifies strongly with her Igbo heritage. She described attending a relative’s traditional wedding in Nigeria, where she witnessed this ceremony firsthand. Although she was born and raised in the U.S., her family regularly engages with cultural traditions, especially during weddings and other life cycle events. She explained that the wine-carrying ritual stood out to her because it was both symbolic and deeply emotional. It was a moment where tradition, family, and personal choice intersected. Her mother and aunties explained the meaning behind the ritual, noting how it expresses the bride’s respect for her future husband and her agency in choosing him.

Interpretation:

This wedding tradition is important because it shows the values of respect, family, and community. When the bride kneels and gives the wine to her groom, it shows that she respects him and chooses him. Even though it’s a fun and joyful moment, it also has a serious meaning, it brings both families together and shows that marriage is a decision made with love and support. For people like my friend, who grew up in the U.S. but have Nigerian roots, seeing or taking part in this ritual is a way to stay connected to their culture and honor where they come from.

South Sudanese Dinka Face Sacrifice Ritual

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Among the Dinka people of South Sudan, young men traditionally undergo forehead scarification as a rite of passage into adulthood. This practice involves making six to eight deep, V-shaped cuts across the forehead using a sharp blade or razor, often performed without the use of anesthetic. The process is public, ceremonial, and witnessed by members of the community. The scars, once healed, form a permanent pattern that serves as a visible marker of the transition from boyhood to manhood. Boys who complete the ritual are celebrated and granted new social responsibilities and recognition.

Context:

This was shared with me by a friend from South Sudan whose grandfather underwent the ritual. She described the ceremony as both terrifying and honorable. She explained that although the ritual is extremely painful and intimidating, it is considered a great honor. For her granfather, it was the defining moment that earned him respect not only within their village but also within the family. The ceremony took place in front of elders, friends, and family members, and afterward, he was given new privileges, including a say in village matters and the right to marry.

Interpretation:

This tradition shows how the Dinka people value strength, bravery, and community. The scars are not just about appearance, they tell a story of growing up and earning respect. Going through pain is seen as a way to prove you are ready for adult life. Today, fewer Dinka boys go through the ritual, especially those who move away from South Sudan. This shows how culture can change over time, especially when people live in new places. Still, the meaning behind the ritual stays strong for many families.

‘Spraying’ Money on the Bride

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At Nigerian weddings, especially among Yoruba and Igbo families, there’s a tradition called “spraying” where guests throw or place money on the bride and groom as they dance. My friend described it as a moment where the music is playing loudly, and everyone crowds the dance floor to celebrate the couple. People use small bills, often $1s or $5s, and place them gently on the bride’s head or shoulders while she dances. Sometimes the groom gets sprayed too, but it’s more focused on the bride. Someone is usually assigned to pick up the money and keep it safe. The mood is exciting, and the spraying is seen as a way of showing love, joy, and support.

Context:

I interviewed my friend who is Nigerian-American and has attended several Nigerian weddings, both in the U.S. and in Nigeria. She said she first saw money-spraying as a kid at her cousin’s wedding and thought it looked like “a fun way to make it rain.” But now that she’s older, she sees it as something deeper. She said, “It’s not just about the money … it’s our way of saying we’re proud of you, we’re happy for you, and we’re blessing your marriage.” She also mentioned that it brings people together, elders, friends, everyone joins in. Even if someone doesn’t have much money, they’ll still spray a little just to be part of the celebration.

Interpretation:

This tradition showcases the communal nature of weddings in Nigerian culture. It’s not just about two individuals getting married, but about the whole community showing up to support them. Spraying money is a public display of care and pride, and it helps preserve cultural practices even for Nigerians living abroad. In the U.S., continuing this tradition at weddings creates a sense of connection to home and heritage. It also flips the usual Western expectation of giving money privately in a card. Here, it’s done out loud, in front of everyone, as part of the celebration itself. This reflects a cultural value of openness and generosity

Oji (Kola Nut)

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Object:
Oji (Kola Nut) – “Symbol of Hospitality and Unity”

Context:
The informant, I, remembers her father often asking her to bring the Oji to the table when guests were coming over. This was a tradition in their family, especially for important visits. She says her father would break the Oji and offer pieces to the guests as a sign of welcome and respect. This happened during family gatherings or when visitors from outside their community arrived.

Analysis:
The Oji holds deep cultural significance in Igbo society, representing hospitality, unity, and respect for guests. The act of breaking the Oji is not just about sharing food, but about symbolically breaking down barriers and creating a bond between host and guest. The ceremonial act reinforces the value of community and the importance of acknowledging and honoring those who visit. The passing down of this practice within families highlights the role of tradition in maintaining cultural ties and fostering a sense of belonging. Through this ritual, the Oji serves as a powerful reminder of the communal values and customs that are central to Igbo identity.