Category Archives: Folk Beliefs

Protection – Tehran, Iran

Nationality: Iranian-American
Age: 53
Occupation: Executive
Residence: Calabasas, CA
Performance Date: April 22, 2008
Primary Language: English
Language: Farsi

“In order to keep the “evil eye” away, we wear jewelry with blue, glass eyes or have them hanging from a wall or something.  It takes away the bad energy that somebody else could be giving you.”

My mother first introduced me to this idea and she said that it is very popular in old cultures.  Everybody in Iran, and in most other cultures, have theories of the “evil eye” and how to keep it away.  This was not something somebody taught my mother; rather, it is something she grew up with.  Many people think that the “evil eye” is a superstition whereas some other people believe in it.  In order to keep the “evil eye” and bad energy away, my mom put blue, glass eyes all over our house.  For example, if somebody pays a compliment, he or she may be sending bad energy by through jinxes, intentionally or even unintentionally.

Belief in the “evil eye” is routed back to the Muslim religion and the Koran.  It is very popular in Middle Eastern countries, the Mediterranean area, and some parts of Asia.  Everybody in my family, including me, believes in this tradition.  I always wear this bracelet my mom gave me when I was very young.  It is gold and has three blue, glass eyes on it.  Whenever I am not wearing it, I feel uncomfortable that something bad will happen.  For example, when my dog died a couple of years ago, my mom and my aunts believed that somebody “gave him the eye.”  They did not believe that was the reason that caused his death because he was already very old, but they did believe it had a part to do with it.  After that incident, she told me to wear the bracelet she gave me all the time and even gave me a glass eye to hang on the rear view window of my car.

My mom also has other precautions of keeping the bad energy away.  Other than the glass eyes, she also knocks on wood and also burns seeds of “esfand” (or aspand) on charcoal so that the smoke can waft through the house.  I know that these all count as superstitions but I do believe that they have some sort of power.  It may just be a sense of comfort and security but it is a theory that dates back many years and has become a custom and tradition.

Joke

Nationality: Iranian-American
Age: 53
Occupation: Executive
Residence: Calabasas, CA
Performance Date: April 22, 2008
Primary Language: English
Language: Farsi

yek jahbeh dar bad va meekhareh tehlehveezion yek torkeh

one box in then and buys television one The Turk

The Turkish man buys a television and in the box

pass foorooshgah beh va meedareh bahr  ahnrah va meebeeneh kohntrole  dastgaheh

back store to and takes out it and sees control remote

he sees the remote control and takes it out and

eshtebahee hesab machineh een aghah keh meegheh foorooshandeh beh va meedeh

wrongly calculator this sir that says store clerk to and gives

gives it to the store clerk and says, “Sir, by accident this calculator

aahmad tehlehveezion een bah

.came television this with

came with my television.”

My dad told me this joke and he said he learned it from one of his friends at work.   At parties or lunch gatherings, there always comes a point where the adults just like to share funny stories and jokes.  Even though these jokes are politically incorrect and make fun of an ethnic group, people still laugh at them.  This sort of joke falls in a group of “Turk” jokes that is very popular amongst Persians.  This makes the people feel more comfortable to laugh at them.

In Iran, there are many different regions and each region has a different identity.  All Persians have many similarities, such as the language Farsi, but they also have differences, such as accents, with the people of different regions.  One region in the northwest of Iran is called Azerbaijan.  The route of the people of this region traces back to the country Turkey.  Many of the people speak a different form of Turkish, but they all speak Farsi, however with an accent.  In Iran, many jokes are centered around the people, called “Turks.”  The term “Turk” is referring to the people of Azerbaijan, not of the country Turkey.  The Turks serve as a blason populaire for the Persians.  The people of that region have a positive relationship with the rest of Iran, but the Turks are always stereotyped as being dumb and ignorant.  For example, the way that Americans have “dumb blonde jokes”, the Persians have Turk jokes.  It is not true that people from Azerbaijan are dumb, but my dad says that they are always the victims of these jokes because their accent makes them sound less educated than other Persians.  However, these jokes are just told to make people laugh; it is not an actual reflection of an ethnic group.

Joke

Nationality: Iranian-American
Age: 53
Occupation: Executive
Residence: Calabasas, CA
Performance Date: Apruil 22, 2008
Primary Language: English
Language: Farsi

“A Turk goes to the doctor and he says, “Doctor, whenever I drink tea, my eye hurts.”  The doctor does all the tests and examinations and finds nothing and tells him that he’s ok and to go home.  He comes back again, and again he says whenever he drinks tea, he has the same problem.  So the doctor says, “Let’s do another test and see what happens.”  He pours him a cup of tea.  The Turk pours some sugar in his tea, he stirs it, and he starts drinking the tea with the teaspoon in the cup.  The doctor realizes that every time he takes a sip, the teaspoon pokes his eye.”

My father also told me this joke.  He learned this one at a dinner party with some family friends.  Like the previous piece, this illustrates the typical stereotype of the Turks from the Azerbaijan region.  This genre of jokes is normally told in an intimate setting.  The person telling the joke usually knows his audience so that he does not offend anyone; people do not usually go up to someone they just met five minutes ago and tell these jokes.

I have actually seen these jokes be told at parties where there is a large gathering.  I have noted that when people start these jokes, they often start off with “I knew this Turk once” and they sometimes add in names or specific details.  Everybody knows that it is a joke once it ends, but the familiarity gives a sense of reality and truth to the audience.  Sometimes I feel tricked when I here these jokes; a couple of times I actually thought that this Turkish man existed and the performer was retelling an actual story.   It would take me a while to realize that it is a joke and all made up, perhaps since, at the time, I was not familiar with them and was not expecting them to be actual jokes.

Folk Remedy

Nationality: Canadian
Age: 20
Occupation: Student
Residence: Tustin, CA
Performance Date: April 28, 2008
Primary Language: English
Language: Spanish

“White wine takes out red wine stains.”

Angie told me that she learned this while at a dinner party with family friends.  Her parents’ friend mentioned that white wine would take out red wine stains, to an extent however.  At first, she did not think it would work, but her friends reassured her and claimed that it would.  Angie has not tried it yet, but she says she believes now that it may be true.  When I heard about this remedy, I thought it was pretty interesting.  Up until that point, I had thought that once you spill red wine, there is no way to get the stain out.  But when I heard that white wine would actually help, I was amused, especially since you are basically fighting wine with wine.

I could not find anywhere where it is published that white wine can take out red wine stains.  To me, this seems like a recent finding.  I remember when people would say that nothing can get out red wine stains.  But after doing some research on the Internet, people have all sorts of tricks to get stains out, such as white wine and even cold water with salt.

I feel that this falls into folklore.  It is not folk medicine, but it could fall into a category of “folk remedy.”  Everything is passed on verbally between groups of people with a common interest, or problem, being stains from red wine spills.  I have not heard of this solution before so I would guess that it is fairly new.  Angie told me she heard it about three or four months ago.  However, I believe that this solution will gain popularity and become well known.

Superstition – Spain

Nationality: Caucasian
Age: 46
Occupation: Vice President Event Services
Residence: Sherman Oaks, CA
Performance Date: April 28, 2008
Primary Language: English

“Con salud!”

“With health!”

“Go with good health!”

Chris told me she learned this phrase from her mother-in-law, who is a Sephardic Jew and frequently speaks in Spanish or Yiddish. Chris explained to me that this saying is most commonly used to wish a person luck or congratulations when they have made some accomplishment. The example she used was when a person was planning on buying a new car that you wish them, “con salud!” She explained that her mother-in-law commonly uses it as a farewell and in response to someone’s plans or goals.

Chris explained that the significance in this phrase lays in the superstition of the “evil eye.” She said that the evil eye is always watching and is the bringer of bad luck. The evil eye is used as a scapegoat to make sense of the inexplicable. She said that if a person was suffering from cancer, that “it must be the evil eye.” She said that the phrase, “con salud,” is supposed to ward off the evil eye and protect the person who it is said to. Chris also explained to me that it is common for Sephardic women to wear jewelry with eye charms on them. She said that bracelets or necklaces with eyes as the charms are also supposed to ward off the evil eye. She also described how some ornaments and decorations for the house have eye symbols on them to protect the home. She noted the coincidence that wearing the symbol of the eye is supposed to protect you from the evil eye. This, she said, was in reference of God sparing the first-borns of the families who painted lamb’s blood over their door during the plagues of Egypt, in what is now called Passover. She tied this superstitious phrase to a traditional Jewish celebration and common cultural trends among Sephardic Jews.

This phrase reminds me of the tradition in Hispanic cultures to say “salud” after someone sneezes. The English counterpart for that would be “bless you,” or “God bless you,” implying that you need to protect your soul in order to live a happy and healthy life. The importance of faith in God is apparent in this Sephardic phrase, equating good health with a soul nurtured by religion. This phrase is therefore endearing and an expression of love for the ones you say it too. To me, it says “I wish for you the love and grace of God so that your enriched body and soul may live a healthy and fulfilling life.” This is such a simple phrase, and yet it seems to carry with it a great deal of meaning. It is a true expression of love and good luck to those whom you care for.