Category Archives: Folk speech

“it’s spitting outside” for a light rain

Age: 20s Hometown: Tampa, FL (Originally Boston, MA) Occupation: Student

Context: The participant and I talking in our kitchen in our apartment. She is from the east coast, born in Maine, and has lived in Boston and Florida.

Text:

Me: “How heavy is it raining outside right now?”

Them: “Oh, it’s only spittin’ outside.”

Analysis: This is an example of folk speech, specifically a regional idiom used to describe a state of weather. When asked about where they heard it used most commonly, they said their family and grandparents who are from Boston originally even after moving to Florida they continued to use this idiom to express a light rain. Both places on the east coast are know for a lot of rain, so it is understandable that they might have multiple phrases to describe various degrees of precipitation.

Karnataka Proverb

Age: 20

“Everything that’s gold doesn’t glitter.”

Text

Informant: “I’m from Southern India. A place that’s called Karnataka and so we speak this language called Kannada and in Kannada it translates to “Everything that is white is not milk.” I think it’s supposed to be like…I don’t know if you’ve ever heard the saying in English that’s like, “Everything that’s gold doesn’t glitter.” So she’d always say it to me when I would be more dramatic or if I made a generalization she’d say it in Kannada to me. I feel like it has to definitely do with something with the fact that I’m vegetarian we eat a lot of… Hindu’s and people like that have a lot of respect for cows and so our form of gold is milk, I guess. I don’t know if that’s necessarily an equivalent.”

Context:

The informant is from Karnataka, a state in India, and retells a proverb that their family often tells them. It’s meant to teach people to not judge things by how they appear because it may be deceptive.

Analysis:

This text from Karnataka would be classified as a folk speech and a proverb in folklore. It’s informal and is passed down by families over generations. It fits the criteria of a metaphorical advice or wisdom. In other words, the proverb is saying that you can’t judge things based on what they look like. The piece of advice being taught is that looks can be deceiving. It’s also in the “topic + comment” structure. The topic is “everything that’s gold” and the comment is “doesn’t glitter.” At the same time, proverbs can give a glimpse into the culture. In Chapter 5 of ‘Living Folklore,’ Sims and Stephens write that “proverbs are frequently culture specific – express knowledge in terms that people from that culture or group will understand.” Since Karnatakans view cows in high regard, this proverb equating milk to gold makes sense in their culture.

Bat Mitzvah

Age: 21

Text: “In the Jewish religion, the really religious people, Orthodox, celebrate it differently. In those cases, the girls don’t actually have Bat Mitzvahs because they’re technically not supposed to read the Torah. But I did because my family’s more reformed. So I obviously had a Bat Mitzvah, and I thought it was the biggest deal ever at the time. It obviously still is, but I thought it was the biggest deal. There was a lot of preparation before because I had to learn like five passages from the Torah and actually learn how to read it. In the Torah it’s hard to read because there’s no accents or anything so you kind of have to know what you’re saying to be able to read it. But it was really, really fun. And then after my service, I had a party, and it was really fun.”

Context: A Jewish girl from Miami. She had her Bat Mitzvah when she was 12, which is a coming of age ritual in Judaism. The Bat Mitzvah is a celebration and transition of girlhood into adulthood. The boy equivalent is a Bar Mitzvah.

Analysis: It was interesting to hear the difference between her Bat Mitzvah and an Orthodox Bar Mitzvahs, especially that Bat Mitzvahs actually don’t exist for Orthodox Jews due to their beliefs. Her Bat Mitzvah is remembered as a very big deal, which is representative of the importance of this ritual. She was excited for this coming-of-age ritual, studied and practiced for it, and completed it with a celebration. She will pass down this religious tradition to her children, as her parents did to her.

Crossing the Street Expression

Age: 19

Text:
“The story I have to tell is an expression that my grandma says. She’s from Guatemala and came to the U.S. in the 80s. The town my grandma is from is really small. The expression that she says is, in Spanish, ‘Look both ways when you cross the street because you don’t know if it’s your dad driving. And even if it is, you don’t know if he’s drunk or not.’ People drink a lot in that little town, and it’s dark.”

Context:
A boy from Pamona, CA sharing a proverb that his grandma and other people from her town use when crossing the street. She is from a small town in Guatemala that has a big drinking culture.

Analysis:
This saying is likely a proverb passed down through generations to educate their children on safety when crossing the road, especially given that the town has such a large drinking culture. This also suggests that there may have been drunk-driving accidents in this town and that it is common for people to drive under the influence. Instead of changing the drinking culture of their community, they turn to educate their children on the risks of drunk driving. This has turned into a folk metaphor, passed down through generations.

Upstate New York Ghost Story

Age: 19

Text:
“Back in like 2010 I’d say, because I just turned four and moved into a new house. So my house is around 200 years old. It’s an old farmhouse. It was built in 1820, so however old it was at that point. I just moved into this house, and I was four, so I was asleep. My mom, apparently the first few nights we moved there, she smelled smoke. It’s important to know my parents are very anti-smokers. They’re very against smoking, so it clearly wasn’t them, but my mom would hear smoking and she’d smell cigarette smoke every night around the same hour. She would see a haze too in the kitchen, and the smell was cigarette smoke. It happened for three nights straight, and it was all at the same hour, same time. My dad would be at work and then it was just me and my brother, and we’d be asleep. She’d smell it every time at the same hour, so she thinks it’s a ghost that’s living in our house, which you know, could make sense based on how old it is. She went up to talk to the ghost one night around that hour, and she was just like, ‘Hey, listen, you’re free to stay here and welcome of course, but my husband and son have asthma and they can’t deal with the cigarette smoke. Can you just smoke outside on the porch?’ After that, she’s never smelt it again.”

Context:
A girl from upstate New York who heard a ghost story from her mom about when she moved into her house when she was around four years old. She has not experienced other paranormal activity since this experience.

Analysis:
While it is a ghost story, this story serves as excellent framework for efficient communication. Her mom could have called a priest or exorcist, like others do, and forced the spirit away from her home, but instead, she took a friendlier approach and simply communicated with the ghost. By asking nicely and explaining the reasoning behind her request, she got her wishes and was never bothered by the indoor-smoking ghost again. I think we can all take a page out of her mom’s book and apply her extraordinary communication and confrontation skills to our own lives. As for whether the story is true or not, only her mom knows. It’s possible it could have been fabricated to warn her kids against smoking.