Tag Archives: oral tradition

Brasilian Traditional Food

Date of performance: 04/29/2025

Occupation: Student 

Primary Language: English 

Title-   Feijoada (Brazilian black bean stew) 

Context- M’s mom is from Brazil, so when asked about her favorite foods, M shares that a Brazilian staple in their household is feijoada, or black bean stew. M says, “The traditional foods you eat them whenever, but when there’s a celebration there will without a doubt be those foods, you know. They definitely do remind me of home!”

Analysis- M shares a favorite food of hers that represents a part of her home in Brazil. Traditional foods are a key part of folklore as they convey tradition, customs and identity throughout generations. These traditional foods, as M has experienced, can be generationally passed down through oral tradition. Folklore relies on oral transmission to expand and develop in different regions of the world, which can also be observed in traditional foods and cuisine.

Kapre Ghost Story

Date of Performance: 04/03/2025

Nationality: American

Primary Language: English

Residence: South Bend, Indiana

My informant describes a supernatural experience he had when he was very young, one he does not remember himself but was told to him later in life by his grandparents. He grew up in a very old house in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. He says he was a “sensitive kid”, and was noticeably silent until he grew older – therefore, it was unusual when, while looking out a window, he exclaimed in surprise to his grandmother that he saw a large humanoid creature, as big as the banana tree outside the window, looking inwards at the house. His grandmother looked outside, but could not see the giant – which matched perfectly the description of a kapre, a traditional Filipino tree giant that stands at ten feet tall and is known for smoking cigarettes. Her being a very religious, superstitious woman, was dismayed by my informant’s observation and immediately called a priest to bless the house and his backyard with holy water. After this, he was asked if he saw anything in the backyard, to which he said that he didn’t. My informant, when asking his family if they believed in supernatural beings, was told this story roughly fifteen years after it happened, and had no recollection of it. 

My informant doesn’t seem to take this story very seriously – “superstitious people see things”, he says, and him seeing a tree giant in the yard could just be the overactive imagination of a two or three year old. It’s “not super difficult to see how a banana tree moving in the wind could look like a giant monster to a little kid”, he notes, but remarks that if any house were to be haunted, it would be the one he grew up in, which according to him had been there since Spanish colonizers still ran Manila. 

As the source of the story is relatively direct, only going from his grandmother to my informant, I think the details are likely pretty accurate to how it actually happened, regardless of if the tree giant was really there or not. I do find it interesting how common supernatural stories are amongst my friends (like my informant) who grew up internationally or in strong cultural/ethnic enclaves as opposed to those who were raised in more diverse or I guess “modern” communities in which folk creatures/stories take up less space. It makes sense that a strong cultural influence in one’s childhood household could affect the perceptions of a young child, leading to stories like this one.

El Cucuy

Nationality: American
Age: 19
Occupation: University Student
Residence: Los Angeles, California

Age: 18
Date of Performance: 3/30/2025
Language: English
Nationality: American
Occupation: University Student
Primary Language: English
Residence: Los Angeles, California

Legend Text:
“Today, I’m going to tell you about El Cucuy—also known as the Boogeyman. It’s a Spanish legend about a tall, shadowy figure who scares misbehaving children. In Spanish culture, they say El Cucuy watches you from outside your window, or even hides in your room under the bed. If you weren’t behaving, you had to run and hide in your room or he’d get you.”

Context:
The informant heard this story from older family members during gatherings, particularly when the kids were restless and waiting for food. It served both as a form of entertainment and discipline, using fear to encourage good behavior.

Analysis:
El Cucuy is a classic example of child-disciplining legends across cultures, akin to the American “Boogeyman.” In Latino households, it is commonly used to instill fear-based obedience. The figure of El Cucuy embodies abstract fear and serves as a warning against moral or behavioral failure. This version shares traits with global “dark watcher” figures like Slenderman, showing how traditional folklore adapts to modern imagery. The use of “under the bed” or “outside the window” roots the fear in a child’s intimate spaces.

The Lady of The Lake

‘ In the late 1800s, in the Adirondacks in upstate New York, there were what were called great Adirondack camps which were these big, elaborate, retreat type of things for wealthy families from New York City and they would spend a few months here during the summers. In one of these families at the campsites, there was a woman who went out onto Lake Placid to go kayaking. Legend has it that she never came back, and the family never found her or solved the mystery of where she was. But, in the late 1900s, at the base of Pulpit Rock, which is now a cliff jumping site, it is also the deepest part of Lake Placid, a team of divers were exploring this area. In the gloom of Lake Placid, there’s no sunlight that reaches the bottom in this part. It was completely dark, and the pair of divers had reached the bottom and found what seemed to be a mannequin… until they realized, there was a chain and anchor strapped to the “mannequin’s” legs, making them aware that this was in fact a real person. At the time, they didn’t know this was the woman who went kayaking decades before and never returned. But they found this woman at the bottom of Pulpit Rock… so, one of the divers went back up to the boat to call for help while the other stayed behind to keep the location of the body. Essentially, because there was no sunlight, and the mineral content of the water at that depth and temperature was just right, such that the skin was preserved almost perfectly, looking like a wax sculpture… But it freaked out the second diver so much that he decided to bring the body back to the surface because he didn’t want to stay there in the dark with this horrifying figure. When he starts bringing the woman up to the surface, the sunlight coming in, the temperature of the water growing warmer, and the changing mineral content caused her body to melt away in his arms… it disintegrates and falls apart. It fades into nothingness right in his hands. So now, in today’s world, when you are climbing out of the lake after cliff jumping, many people say they can feel the lady of the lake grabbing at their feet as they step onto their boats.’ – NZ

This story was told to NZ by his father, during their first family trip to his favorite place on earth, Lake Placid. He and his family went to their cottage up in the Adirondack Mountains and decided to spend their summer day cliff jumping at Pulpit Rock. As they hiked towards the rock his dad shared with him and his brother this legend of the Lady of the Lake. As a little boy, he was horrified of this ghost that lives beneath the water, but also curious as to wether or not he would feel the Lady of the Lake pulling at his ankles when he got back onto his boat. His curiosity got the best of him and nothing could hold him back from cliff jumping. Even to this day, every time NZ goes back he jumps in to try and feel the Lady of the Lake grabbing at him as he escapes the cold water. Now, whenever he takes his friends or family to this spot, he never fails to share and pass this legend onto them to add to their folklore repertoire.

I had never heard of this specific legend, but I have heard many similar ones in the area I grew up in. This piece of folklore offers a legendary tale, a ghost story meant to capture the imagination of those who heard it, a “enter if you dare” tale. It also follows the supernatural elements read in many folklore myths and legends, something that while you can’t prove that it exists, its been told and passed down so many times, there is no reason not to believe it. This legend allows for the local superstition to become tradition and a ritual storytelling experience for those who visit and families who are raised in this area. This story originated as an oral piece of folklore, one can imagine that it was even acted out around campfires in Lake Placid, in which performance is a key aspect of folklore. NZ also noted that he has heard multiple variations of this tale, as when they are passed down orally, they are often changed or even misremembered, thus altering the story for those who continue to share it. The Adirondacks have many myths and legends, and this tale only adds to the mysterious environment the Adirondacks have to many.