Category Archives: Holidays

Holidays and holiday traditions

Seollal (Korean New Year)

Text:

Seollal is the first day of the Lunar New Year in Korea. On Seollal, you bow to your elders, play games, and visit your hometowns. Seollal(설날) is the Korean New Year, usually falling in mid-February. It is one of Korea’s biggest holidays, with many people taking several days off of work to spend time with families. Often, people travel back to their hometowns or visit family members/in-laws. There is also a ritual called sebae(세배), where people bow deeply before their elders and wish them a happy new year and good fortune, and in turn the elders give them money in envelopes.

Context:

The informant, having lived in Korea their whole life, participated in Seollal every year. At first, they were the ones to bow to their elders and receive money, but as they grew older, they began to be the ones to sit as their younger family relatives bowed.

Interpretation:

There is a lot of emphasis on filial piety, and more than that, respect for your elders and your ancestors. For example, you lay out food for your ancestors at the table or a memorial/shrine. I feel like there is a major emphasis on Confucian piety in Korean culture, as well as a reminder of the strength found in community. When you bow to your elders on Seollal, it is more than a bow–you are literally on your knees, head on the ground, essentially showing utmost reverence and respect for the elders’ wisdom and impact on your life. You(as the younger person) have the responsibility to visit your hometown, your origin, not the other way around, showing the idea that you never truly leave your family behind, which is a foundational concept in Confucianism. Through this practice, families reaffirm their connection to the past and show gratitude and respect to their ancestors and elders.

Foods like tteokguk (rice cake soup) are essential to Seollal. Eating tteokguk is believed to symbolically grant one a year of age, connecting food rituals to the passage of time. Furthermore, traditional clothing like the hanbok and folk games like yutnori also play a role, reinforcing cultural identity and intergenerational learning. This latter point is especially important; as Korea quickly evolves to match the demands of modernity, many traditional aspects of Korea’s culture are at risk of disappearing or losing their value. By participating in holidays such as Seollal, families are teaching the future generation the importance of remembering their history and culture.

Reyes Mago

Text:

“Basically it’s in early January and it’s supposed to symbolize when the 3 kings came and gave gifts to baby Jesus. The kids get gifts and a big dinner is held–Basically if ur kid you just get gifts and food, but if ur d enough you have to eat from a ‘rosca‘. The ‘rosca‘ will have little plastic babies hidden within, and if you end up pulling one, you now owe everyone else there a party where you’ll host dinner. This is done until all the babies are found. Kids can participate too, but their parents are responsible for throwing the party.”

Context:

The informant has participated in this since they were a young child.

Interpretation:

The celebration commemorates the biblical journey of the Magi—also known as the Three Kings—who brought gifts to the infant Jesus shortly after his birth. This religious narrative ties the holiday closely to Christian traditions, particularly Catholicism, which has been a dominant spiritual and cultural force in Spain and many Latin American countries. Furthermore, Reyes Magos centers on children, highlighting innocence, hope, and continuity. Families often gather for a special meal, share the Roscón de Reyes (a sweet bread with hidden figurines), and spend time together; this family-centric structure underscores kinship and tradition in Hispanic cultures, and emphasizes the importance of treasuring children, reinforcing communal bonds, and intergenerational continuity. And, by celebrating figures from a distant, symbolic past, Reyes Mago helps elevate storytelling, moral lessons, and myth as powerful forces of social cohesion to teach the next generation.

The Traditions of the Prophet Elijah

Age: 19
Occupation: Student
Residence: Culver City, CA
Language: English

Text: For as long as I can remember my mom has been leaving our front door open for Passover. We do this because we believe the Prophet Elijah will enter our household and potentially introduce the return of the Messiah. Though I believe this to be a little excessive, as we don’t live in the safest of communities, I recognize its importance due to how long the tradition has been continued. We also pour a specific kind of wine, known as Elijah’s cup, near the entrance of the house.

Context: Informant describes being a follower of Judaism, though they are less strict on themselves, in terms of following the laws of the religion, than prior generations. They also describe Passover as being one of the two most important holidays in the Jewish Community. Informant believes that this act of pouring wine near an open front door will allow for the Prophet Elijah, who is the herald for the Messiah, to enter the household and initiate the return of the Messiah.

Analysis:

I believe this piece of tradition to exist at the crossroads between religious tradition and folk practice. When talking to the informant about this tradition, they brought up the fact that they have Jewish neighbors who do not open their door or pour any wine at all. Informant also describes some people who only open the door or only pour wine to welcome the Prophet Elijah. This, to me, is very representative of the multiplicity and variation that Dundes suggest is necessary in folklore. It is also clear that this entire folk- tradition is essentially a performance. Though their belief may be strong, it may be clear to many, as it is to the informant, that a physical entity will not enter the household. So then, this act becomes a way of tying a community close together through shared actions.

White Elephant

Nationality: American
Age: 65
Occupation: Unemployed
Residence: United States
Language: English

Text:

“My family has this tradition for Christmas Eve and we get everyone together at one of our houses and celebrate. Towards the end of the night we play this game called White Elephant, where everyone has to bring a wrapped gift and set it by the tree so no one knows whose gift is whose. Everyone gets a number that tells the order of who goes when. We each take turns going up and picking a random gift and then opening it up in front of everyone. There’s rules though. Someone can steal a gift from somebody else, but it can only be stolen 3 times and then it’s dead, meaning you can’t steal it anymore. It gets really competitive between everyone, but we always laugh it off.”

Context:

The informant recalls that this tradition has been going on since she was a child. It’s meaningful to them because of how connected they can feel with their family and bring everyone together, creating really happy memories of all of them. It’s also a time for them to see family that they haven’t seen in awhile and even meet new members of the family and catch up with everyone. The tradition itself helps creating these memories and positive times by doing a fun activity.

Analysis:

This resembles a ritual tradition or folk custom associated with a holiday: Christmas. It’s specific to one family, but attached to the holiday as a creative way to bring a sense of love and family to the community. It also presents as gift-giving behaviors in the format of a game with a tradition that still isn’t the same each year since different moments ensue each time the game is played. Unlike other American traditions this doesn’t bother trying to make sense of the uncertainty but rather embraces the unpredictable. It also consists of rules giving the tradition a structure that has to be followed. It acts a both a celebration for Christmas and family in the format of healthy competition that is also designed to be humorous and fair. It’s more localized as family tradition and acts as behavior that is passed down by learning from family members and watching the activity.

Happy Birthday on Christmas

Nationality: American
Age: 43
Occupation: Realtor
Residence: Orange County, CA
Language: English

TEXT:

“When I celebrate Christmas with the extended family, so like a day or two after Christmas day, we get a red velvet cake, candles, and sing ‘Happy Birthday’ to Jesus”


CONTEXT:

The informant said this tradition started when she was young, but she does not remember who started it. She hopes her family will continue the tradition when they move out and start families of their own.


ANALYSIS:

This tradition blends holiday rituals with religious beliefs. This blending is fairly common, with most of what is considered holy days being appropriated from other festival days. Christmas and Easter, two of the most widely celebrated religious holidays, were originally not associated with Christianity, but were later appropriated by the Catholic church. The traditional rituals associated with birthdays, such as the candles that are blown out and the song they sing, are extended to Jesus, who Christians celebrate the birth of on that day. The candles typically signify the passing of another year of life and the song, which is considered a folk song due to it not having an owner, is meant to celebrate the growth of the person whose birthday it is. In addition to the traditional birthday rituals, the informant mentioned that the cake is specifically red velvet. This could be a reference to traditional Christian beliefs about the blood of Jesus, mainly that it purifies the sins of believers. Thus, eating the red cake could be a symbolic representation of embracing her sacrifice for this family.