Tag Archives: Folk Tale

Folk Narrative: Folktale – The Mothers Heart

  1. Text: There is a Greek folk tale that centers around and explores the often contrived dynamic between a man, his wife and his mother. This three person dynamic, often subject to satire, melodrama or perhaps just general tension in everyday life, is metabolized and explored dramatically in the tale known as The Mother’s Heart, (Η Καρδιά της Μάνας). The tale is simple. It follows the story of a man who is living simultaneously with his mother and his wife. The man splits his time and attention between the two women, often to the dismay of the wife. The wife is infuriated that she must split her husband between herself and her mother-in-law. Finally enraged to the point of no return, the wife gives her husband an ultimatum. The wife not only demands that the man pick between herself and his mother, but she demands that in order to prove his love, the man must go to a new extreme; he must rip his mothers heart out, and deliver it to his wife. Now this man is wrought with love and manipulation – so he agrees to his wife’s terms. He kills his mother, steals her heart and puts it in a chest. With the heart in hand, the man journeys back to his wife. Along the way, he stumbles, falling over and dropping the box. The heart rolls out of the chest. To his complete shock, the heart speaks softly and says to him, “Είσαι καλά, παιδί μου?” – “Are you okay, my child?” This moment shatters the son, injecting him with a deep dread.
  2. Informants Context: Greeks mothers are extremely hands-on, they just want to try and stay as close as possible to their children. If anything, its one of the most famous stereotypes that follows so many Greek people around. They really struggle to let go of their children. I never wanted to be like that with my sons because I was cognizant of that issue in our culture. This stereotype surrounding Greek parents is especially true as it applies to Greek mothers and their sons though. It really is. So as a kid, my mother would tell me this story all the time. She was an immigrant from Greece, raised in the villages, so she was very old school. Very traditional, believed in keeping the family close and all that. She learned this story from her time in the villages, from where I couldn’t say, but it was known amongst her community. There were a lot of Greek immigrant families where I grew up in Canada, and my friends who also had immigrant mothers would sometimes tell them the same story. Whenever I did anything to make my mother unhappy, maybe disrespected her or spoke out of line, usually she would yell and scare the hell out of me. Sometimes though she would just sit me down and tell me this story, really guilting me. As soon as I got married she never told me the story again though (laughs). I think the story reflects a lot of the dynamics that are common in Greek culture, for better or for worse. The mother-son relationship is extremely valued in Greek culture. This story, hearing it as a child, inevitably brought me closer to my mother when I was young. Of course, a part of her was trying to guilt trip me into love. I know that. But I still believe the moral at the center of the story is authentic and beautiful. A mothers love for her son knows no bounds, even when he hurts her. It’s very touching.
  3. Collectors Interpretation: I believe the story of the Mothers Heart is a folk tale that indeed stems from stereotypes or even true cultural qualities about the close-knit relationship between Greek mothers and their sons. It reflects a deeper and broader code of familial loyalty that characterizes all Greek families – loving one another unconditionally, despite how often we hurt each other. Greeks, being known as soulful and emotional people, often say or do crazy things in the name of passion, as the son does for his wife. Despite this, or perhaps because these are acts of passion/love, Greeks often find it in themselves to love the family member who hurt them. More specifically, it is clearly a story about the purity, the unconditional quality of maternal love. The simplicity of the story and the extent to which it is clear is partly what makes it such a robust folk tale. While clearly supernatural and not to be interpreted as historical (also not sacred), the story feels like it exists for pedagogy. It has a clear, concise message while not needing to be true.

Fields

AGE: 55

Date_of_performance: April 15, 2025/May 9, 2025

Informant Name: (Confidential)

Language: English/Greek

Nationality: Canadian/Greek

Occupation: Lawyer/Entrepreneur

Primary Language: English

Residence: Canada

How did the chicken cross the road?

Text: “How did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.”

Context: This narrative joke was shared by the informant, who recalls hearing it as a young child. The joke was a staple of their childhood, passed down through their family and peers as a simple, classic form of humor. The informant remembers hearing it over and over, often in moments when the goal was not to get a laugh from a punchline but to enjoy the lightheartedness of the joke itself.

The informant’s experience with this joke was part of a broader cultural exposure to humor, specifically American humor, as they were not born in the United States. Upon learning English and becoming familiar with American culture, they encountered this joke in school and among friends, and it quickly became a part of their repertoire. The informant reflects that this particular joke stood out because it was so basic yet somehow funny in its simplicity.

Analysis: The “How did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side” joke is a perfect example of a narrative joke. What makes this joke work is its simplicity—there’s no complex setup or twist, just a straightforward question and answer. The humor comes from the fact that it should be more elaborate or have a surprise twist, but instead, it’s just a basic, logical answer. That kind of anti-humor, where you’re expecting something more and get something totally simple instead, is what makes it funny.

This joke has become an iconic part of American culture, and it’s one of those pieces of folklore that gets passed around for generations. The way this narrative joke is shared—over and over again—highlights how jokes can be a kind of cultural glue, bringing people together. It doesn’t matter if you’ve heard it 100 times, it still has a kind of nostalgic value, and it’s part of how humor is passed along in a community. The fact that it’s so straightforward also reflects how humor doesn’t always need to be complicated or fancy. Sometimes, it’s the simple things, like a chicken crossing a road, that make us smile and connect with others.

Informant Info

Race/Ethnicity: White

Age: 63

Occupation: Talent Acquisition Manager

Residence: Oak Park, CA

Date of Performance: April 5, 2025

Primary Language: English

Other Language(s): Hungarian, German

Relationship: Parent

Ghongo

Informant: RS

Ethnicity: Indian

Primary Language: Konkani

Age: 53

Text: [RS] Ghongo is an infamous Konkani demon who has dark skin, bulging eyes, sharp teeth, a big potbelly, and a sack on his shoulder. He comes to take away children who do not listen to their elders by luring them away with sweets, then knocking them unconscious and carrying them off in his sack. After he abducts children, he makes them do his household chores, starves them, then finally turns them into mango pickle!

Context: [RS] Whenever I played pranks or was too mischievous as a child, my parents would tell me that Ghongo was going to come take me away unless I helped out with our household chores. I remember thinking that helping my parents do the chores sounded like a better deal than doing Ghongo’s! In fact, I was so terrified of seeing such a scary figure, that I rarely misbehaved.

Analysis: There are several parallels between the Torbalan and Ghongo, down to the sack they use to kidnap misbehaving children. At their core, the underlying lesson is essentially the same: listen to your parents, or face the consequences. Ghongo is yet another folk tale meant to scare children into behaving and respecting their elders. Many cultures have similar demonic figures that kidnap or punish disobedient kids, such as Krampus or the Bogeyman. Many folk tales meant for children are meant to teach them some sort of moral, lesson, or warning rather than serve purely as entertainment value. The tales from this collection are an example that this not only extends across multiple cultures, but also evidences the cross-cultural impacts of similar folk figures.

The Torbalan

Informant: CS

Ethnicity: Bulgarian

Primary Language: English

Age: 22

Text: [CS] The story goes that there’s a Bulgarian monster called the Torbalan, who carries around a huge sack. The Torbalan kidnaps children who misbehave and stuffs them into his sack in the dead of night. If you are a good and obedient child, then the Torbalan will leave you alone.

Context: [CS] My Baba used to tell me this story to scare me into behaving as a child, especially when I was being a troublemaker. If I got in trouble, she would say “the Torbalan will come collect you tonight unless you apologize!” I was so scared of the Torbalan back then, that I would immediately listen to whatever she told me. 

Analysis: As in many other cultures, the Torbalan is a monster invented as a way to get children to behave, reinforcing good behavior and a sense of obedience towards adults in the family. By warning them that disobedience leads to dire consequences (being kidnapped), the tale uses fear tactics to motivate children to listen to their parents. Furthermore, it is also used as a way to get children to think about their actions and the impact they have on others; personifying the consequences of bad behavior as a scary monster creates a tangible representation of what is otherwise an abstract concept, making the underlying message more digestible to children.

The Painted Jackal

Informant: JS

Ethnicity: Pakistani

Primary Language: English

Age: 21

Text: [JS] This is the story of the Painted Jackal. It’s a fairly simple story. Basically, a jackal finds a bucket of paint and rolls around in it, turning it colorful. Then it goes back home and announces to its family that it is no longer a jackal because it is too colorful. Their family asks what they should be called, and the jackal replies that it is a peacock. But his family says: “Peacocks can spread their tails and look very pretty? Can you do that? ” And the jackal says no. Then the family says “Peacocks can sing and make a lovely bird call. Can you do that?” And the jackal says no. Then the family says “Then if you are not a jackal, then neither are you a peacock,” and they kick him out.

Context: [JS] This is a classic Pakistani fairy tale. I’m honestly not sure what it means, maybe that it isn’t worth pretending to be something you’re not? That who you are born as is something you can’t change.

Analysis: The story of the Painted Jackal is likely trying to teach children a lesson about the importance of being true to your identity. The jackal’s decision to cover itself in paint and pretend to be a peacock could represent the desire to change oneself in order to be accepted and admired based on appearance; however, the jackal’s family points out that the jackal does not possess any of the key qualities of a peacock, emphasizing that one’s identity goes beyond simply surface-level characteristics. Through this tale, children can learn that trying to be someone that they are not will ultimately lead to rejection and disappointment, and should instead embrace themselves for who they are. Childhood is an influential point of time in people’s lives because it is part of their early development stages, and so learning this lesson early on is important in order to form a strong sense of identity, self-acceptance and community in later stages of life.