Tag Archives: society

Why Frogs Cry(Croak) in the Rain

Text:

Long ago, there lived a widowed frog mother and her son. Her son was notoriously mischievous and disobedient, often doing the opposite of what his mother told him. If his mother told him to come inside, he would stay outside and play longer. If she told him to go up, he would go down. If she told him to go to the hills, he would wander near the river, and so on and so forth. She loved her son very much, but his antics worried her so much she began to get sick. But even then, her son did not change. One day, when the mother frog knew she was going to die, she lay on her deathbed and called her son over. She wanted a proper burial on the mountainside, but knew that if she told her son, he would do the opposite. So she asked him to bury her next to the river. Sorrowfully, he promised. And when she died, her son mourned and blamed himself for her death, and decided to keep his last promise to his mother rather than go against her supposed wishes. So, even though he knew it wasn’t the proper way, he buried his mother next to the river instead of up in the mountains. But when it rained, the waters started to rise, and he prayed that it would not wash away his mother’s grave. But the rain did not stop, and the river overflowed, and indeed washed his mother’s grave away. The son sat in the rain and cried for his mother. And that is why frogs cry in the rain today.

Context:

The informant had heard this tale from her mother, as it is a traditional Korean folktale. She interprets it as a warning to obey your elders, especially your parents.

Analysis:

I, too, interpret this story as a warning to always listen to your parents and respect them. I see this as a broader reflection of Korean culture; historically, almost all aspects of Korean society have operated under strong Confucian influences and values, especially filial piety, obedience, and social harmony. In the story, because the frog disobeyed his mother constantly, he caused her early death, and furthermore caused himself personal distress as he watched her grave wash away. This is a consequence of his constant disregard of hierarchical family relationships(in Korea, elders are held in high esteem and have overarching authority in the family dynamic) that are central to Confucianism. Although this is a folktale to find the reason behind frogs crying–croaking–in the rain, this story seems moreso to be a cautionary tale rather than an etiological story.

Gossip Game

Nationality: American
Age: 50
Occupation: Middle School Teacher
Residence: San Jose, CA
Performance Date: 4/25/15
Primary Language: English

“So another game is called Gossip, and you sit in a circle and one person, or I think it has been called Telephone, but it’s also called Gossip, and so one person has a secret to tell the person next to them, so they whisper it into their ear, and then it goes around the circle, the next person has to whisper it and the next and the next and the next, and then when you get to the end, the last person says what they heard from that person and compare it to what the person originally said. And that’s the game.”

 

The informant was a 50-year-old woman who works as a middle school teacher teaching English, dance, and history to 7th and 8th graders. Although she has spent the last 19 years living in the San Francisco Bay Area, she grew up in Lubbock, Texas and Austin, Texas. She is also my mother, and this interview took place over Skype one afternoon when we were talking about things she did when she was growing up that she has observed taking place among her students now. She learned this game, “probably in elementary school . . . in Houston, Texas. We played it in like a second grade class, in a circle.”
The informant thinks “two reasons [the game is] attractive to people is because it’s interesting to see what comes out at the end, if you compare what originally was said with what was it, so you’re like, ‘Oh, it’s so weird that you never hear the same thing at the end that it started out to be, so it’s interesting to see what it warps into.’ And I guess the other reason it’s called Gossip it what you originally say isn’t what you hear at the end. So, the message is diluted when other people say it.” The informant implied this is also what she thinks it means.

 

This game was interesting to me when the informant explained it because I know it is “Telephone.” This game is an easy game to play with a lot of people who do not necessarily know each other, and it is variable in the amount of time it takes to play. The fact that the informant knows it as “Gossip” and learned to play it when she was in elementary school is somewhat revealing about what this game actually means. While it is fun to see how the original message gets changed as people hear and interpret it, it also seems like there is a deeper message behind its simple actions. This game functions as a way to teach children about the way gossip works in our society, and how what you say can be changed into something unrecognizable by the end. The way the information is transmitted may be boiled down and expedited, but it is still a helpful demonstration of a larger social phenomenon.

Festival de Amancaes

Nationality: Peruvian
Age: 22
Occupation: student
Residence: Lima, Peru
Performance Date: February 15, 2013
Primary Language: Spanish
Language: English

Informant is a Peruvian friend who was visiting me this week. She first heard of the Amancaes festival from her grandmother. The Fiesta de San Juan was a festival that took place in the hills of the Amancaes located in the seaside Rimac district of Lima. The Amancaes are bright yellow flowers that grew on these hills during the months of June and July.
The Festival of Amancaes evolved from the pilgrimage site because of the beautiful Amancay flowers that blossomed during the months of June and July and covered the hills in their entirety. In these celebrations, limeñans of all classes and races came down to the hills for unlimited food, music and dance. This celebration went on until 1952 when it was discontinued because the hills of Amancaes were invaded by squatters coming from the outskirts in search of better opportunities in the capital.
This festival was meaningful because Limeñan society has always been very stratified and segregated by class and race. Limeñans of European descent always looked down upon the indigenous and African populations, but on this one day (like Mardi Gras and the Ancient Roman’s Saturnalia) all of these social mores are forgotten and people of all races and classes would party together and share food and drink. Now, there is a festival that was started two years ago called Mistura, this is a gastronomic festival organized every year in Lima and it has become so popular that tickets are sold out almost immediately after they go on sale. This festival is doing the same purpose that the Festival de Amancaes used to do which was to bring society together by providing them with something that people of all ages, races and social classes enjoy: good food.