Author Archives: Nathan Jeon

“Handball” rules at Williams Elementary School

Age: 22

TEXT

My informant and I talked about the rules of the most popular recess game back in elementary school, handball (more popularly known as four-square). We talked about how much more distinct and difficult our school’s version of four-square was, as we had a rule in which the ball had to bounce once in your own square before it went into another square and that you could not step out of your own square. In contrast, as shown in this video, it shows people playing four-square violating all the “rules” of our version of the game and while there is outrage over rules in the comments, none of the outrage is over the fact that they are hitting the ball without bouncing the ball in their own square first.

CONTEXT

This informant is my older brother, who currently works as an engineer in Cleveland, Ohio, but grew up and attended the same elementary school as me in San Jose, California. This topic came up when I sent my informant a TikTok post showing four square clips, where we became critiques of how bad other versions of the game was. As I talked with him more about his memories of four-square over the phone, he recounted how his classmate had taught him the rules of four-square on his first day of school when we moved to San Jose, and how the game holds a special place in his heart as his favorite recess game and our memories of playing the game together as kids. While he says he hasn’t played or thought about four-square in over ten years, he affirms that the version of four-square we grew up playing is the hardest and true version of four square.

ANALYSIS

The confusion and frustration my informant experienced from this conversation encapsulate a lot of the folklore concepts our class talked about. It shows the unique aspects of multiplicity and transmission of folklore. At its core, four square is played with the same playground rubber ball with a painted square on the concrete but each school/region seems to have their own rules, and the game was informally taught to each other by our classmates. In my opinion, I think the most interesting insight I took away from this folklore came from the reactions of all the comments online. With the internet, four-square was not only able to be transmitted all over the world as kids learn about the game online, but it also allowed people who grew up playing their variation of four square to see others’ versions. However, my informant’s and the video’s comment section’s negative reaction to this other variation shows how for all individuals, they believe their version is the most authentic and aren’t hesitant to judge anything else as wrong. As a metaphor, the rules of four square could be seen as similar to moral values that a certain religion, community, or people value. Depending on the region, these “rules” will change, and as we unfortunately see, things like discrimination and hatred often stem from individuals clinging to their “rules” as the most authentic and correct, while refusing to acknowledge the fact that that other variations may exist and label them as wrong without hesitation.

Purdue University Bell Tower Superstition

Text

At Purdue University, there is a long-standing superstition that if you walk under the Bell Tower, where the university seal is, you will not graduate within four years.

Context

My informant is a 20 year old sophomore at Purdue University studying mechanical engineering. I was interested in learning about folklores surrounding other universities, and asked him if he could recall any fun ones he heard at Purdue. He shared that he learned about this superstition during his official freshman orientation, and that while he isn’t superstitious, he actively goes out of his way to walk around the tower just in case.

Analysis

What I found most interesting about this superstition is that compared to other university superstitions, which are often vernacular and informally transmitted throughout students, this legend was told to the students during their official freshman orientation. It may be possible that this legend started vernacular but became so famous that the university incorporated it as a “fun fact” at official meetings, which mirrors some of our lecture concepts of how folklore can often become commercialized, like Native American cultures often being popular costumes.

Another interesting component of this superstition is its function; at its surface, it functions as a warning with serious consequences, yet also creates a strong sense of school culture implicitly. To start, this superstition is transmitted to the new members of the Purdue students folk group, showing that it is an important element that only insiders can relate to. In addition, since the reason walking under this tower bringing bad luck is because it forces students to step on the university seal, it indirectly sends a message for the students to take pride and respect their university, as stepping on the official logo could symbolically be seen as a sign of disrespect.

Finally, such superstitions of not walking under a certain building or a touching a certain statue exists in various universities. Beyond the multiplicity of this genre of folklore, the fact that such superstitions continue to exist and influence the actions of students like my informant shows the power of long-standing folklore, regardless of the levels of belief. All in all, I find this tradition to have great cultural value in terms of school pride for students, but also a great exemplification of the key elements of folklore like multiplicity and the sense of belonging they create.

USC NROTC Dining In

TEXT

At the end of the spring semester, USC’s Naval ROTC has an yearly celebration event called dining in, where midshipmen (ROTC students) wear their formal dress white uniforms and enjoy a nice, catered dinner at an off-campus venue to celebrate the end of the semester and their hard work. The highlight of the celebration are the “skits” and “roasts”, in which midshipman are allowed to address the entire room to make jokes or call out fellow students. Any individual that is found “guilty” of what they are being called out for, violate celebration customs, or make a joke/skit that the room deems unfunny, are required to drink out of “the grog”, a disgusting drink created from blending and mixing a variety of drinks, food, and condiments.

CONTEXT

This informant is a 20 year old USC sophomore studying aerospace engineering. In addition, he is a part of the USC Naval ROTC battalion and hopes to be a submarine officer after he graduates. His relationship to this celebration is that he is someone who takes part in this celebration, and he first learned about this celebration last year from an older NROTC member when he was a freshman. He recounts that he was cautioned to not go on stage and make a joke, as anyone that addresses the entire room will eventually be forced to drink out of the grog. The informant explains that he looks forward to the event every year not only for the good food, but also the fun jokes and skits, and the fact that this is the one event they are allowed to wear their dress whites, which he believes looks cool and gives him “aura”.

ANALYSIS

This yearly ritual from the USC NROTC folk group functions as not only a celebration for the end of the school year, but also a way to reinforce group identity through formal uniforms that invoke military pride, a shared dinner, and skits/performances that are based around inside jokes that only midshipmen and staff would be able to understand. In addition, with NROTC and its different classes/ranks based on the midshipman’s academic year, dining in provides a unique opportunity where this hierarchy is temporarily challenged from midshipman being allowed to make a joke about another midshipman regardless of rank. However, with this strict hierarchy being the backbone of structure in the military, the punishment drink grog and specific celebration customs/rules continue to maintain a sense of order, ensuring the core values of the military are always maintained.

Korean military folk food: ppogeuri

Text

Ppogeuri (뽀글이) is a slang name for instant ramen that Korean soldiers often eat. The food has to be eaten at a specific time, and that is late night after a soldier comes back from night watch. What makes ppogeuri different from regular instant ramen is that because cup noodles weren’t available during the time my informant was a soldier, they had to use the plastic packaging the instant noodles came in as the cooking pot and plate. With no kettle and hot water only being available during shower times, you would have use cold water and put the packaging near a radiator to actually boil and cook it. With Korean culture’s emphasis on age and the strict environment Korean soldiers train in, my informant talked about how only sergeants were allowed to secretly make this dish after night watch. The only time he ate ppogeuri as a lower-ranked personnel was when he was a private and one of his superiors allowed him to have a bite, which he described that first bite as heavenly.

Context

The informant is a 51 year man born and raised in South Korea. As a South Korean male, he was required to serve in the military, and he served in the Korean army from October 1994~ December 1996 after his freshman year in college. This topic came up when we were talking about military food, when I told him about my worries for food quality at my military training center for ROTC. He first saw this folk food when he was coming back from his first night watch as a private, when one of the superiors he was standing watch with cooked ppogeuri as a late night snack. Even after his discharge, he said he tried cooking instant noodles the same way but said the noodles tasted raw and the soup was chalky. His interpretation of this dish is that it can only be enjoyed by people who went through the same military experience – during his service, when barracks were old, cramped, and soldiers often trained hungry, soldiers could at least count on ppogeuri to fill their stomachs after a grueling shift of night watch.

Analysis

Based on what I learned, my takeaway from this folklore is that ppogeuri is a vernacular folk dish that can only exist under specific, strict constraints. To start, its preparation method was created due to the lack of cooking tools on base, and can only be eaten by superior ranks while lower ranks can only hungrily watch or stand lookout. In this way, ppogeuri symbolizes the hierarchal nature of militaries, where even simple acts like cooking ramen is denied. However, just like my informant’s first experience with the dish, when a lower-ranked personnel is allowed a bite, this goes beyond an act of kindness – it creates an unforgettable moment of bond as one individual directly contradicts the system he’s supposed to blindly follow for a fellow soldier. Finally, the timing of when one eats ppogeuri, which is after a long night of watch, reflects the shared struggle a folk group (soldiers in this case) go through. As such, it may not even be a stretch to say that one way to identify membership within the folk group of Korean soldiers is if one has ever ate and enjoyed ppogeuri under these same conditions. All in all, ppogeuri is a reminder of how folk dishes can be crafted from creativity that is developed to get around constraints. At an individual level, I believe ppogeuri holds a great personal value for former Korean veterans, as it is a dish that symbolizes the strict system they adapted to during their youth, while being a source of comfort and nostalgia they can look back on.

-maxxing and -mogging joke

Text:

This folk joke is when someone adds the word “maxxing” to whatever adjective, action, noun, or verb to describe what another person is doing, and adds the word “mogging” to compare themselves to another. The punchline/joke can only be understood by fans of an online influencer named Clavicular, as for outsiders, the phrase simply sounds unnecessarily complex or nonsensical. For context, Clavicular is an influencer best known for looksmaxxing content, which is a term for an online trend where one goes through drastic changes in their daily routine to optimize their physical appearance; while it initially started off with the intention of increasing your self-confidence, the general connotation nowadays is negative, as many view the trend to be extreme and over fixated on physical experience. An example of this joke would be if I was to walking into my apartment and see my roommate studying, I could simply say, “Wow you’ve been studying all day – you’re so much more disciplined than me.” In contrast, a fan of Clavicular in this situation would say “Wow you’ve been studymaxxing all day – you’re lowkey disciplinemogging me”.

Context:

This informant is a 19 year old USC sophomore from Irvine, California, who studies environmental science. He also is my suitemate this year, and he told me a variation of this joke when he saw me scrolling on my phone, explaining that I was “scrollmaxxing and lazymogging him”. After explaining the joke to me, he told me that he saw this joke from an Instagram Reels video of Clavicular using this same joke, and says he loves using this joke on a daily basis.

Analysis:

This piece of internet folklore, which started from just a niche fanbase, demonstrates the huge effects folklore and internet transmission can have, particularly among gen-z, as we are the first generation that grew up with this technology and internet access. The specific words that make up this joke, maxxing and mogging, not only function as insider vocabulary that can help this folk group’s members identify each other, but the fixed structure of the joke creates room for all sorts of variation and creativity. To add, with short-form content platforms like IG Reels, TikTok, and Youtube Shorts with countless clips of Clavicular circling around, it only takes a couple of swipes for these clips to find their way to people’s algorithms, showing the limitless capacity of the internet in terms of transmission.

Finally, it’s important to note that just like the ridiculous nature of the joke, what makes such looksmaxxing content and influencers like Clavicular famous is the shear absurdity that makes it hard to turn away from what they are doing. These types of media over fixate on minute flaws within one’s appearance, and often recommends ridiciulous and dangerous methods like jaw-smashing (smashing one’s face with hard objects to reshape their jawline) that only fuels insecurities and unrealistic beauty standards for young, impressionable boys and girls. As a result, the absurdity of this folk joke can serve as a parody to its own folk idea it was created around, reminding both the audience and user of the joke just how ridiculous this concept of looksmaxxing is.