Category Archives: Folk speech

Kate the Burger Murderer

Nationality: American
Age: 18
Occupation: University Student
Residence: Hayward, California

Age: 18
Date of Performance: 3/25/2025
Language: English
Nationality: American
Occupation: University Student
Primary Language: English
Residence: Hayward, California

Legend Text:
“Once upon a time, there was a Bay Area woman named Kate. She was secretly a serial killer, though no one knew. Much like Jeffrey Dahmer, she lured victims into her home and murdered them. Afterward, she allegedly ran a burger shop—this is what we heard as kids—where she sold burgers made of 70% human meat and 30% beef. She managed to make a living this way for 34 years until she was finally caught in her mid-50s. According to the legend, she owned the now-abandoned burger joint on Telegraph Avenue in Berkeley.”

Context:
The informant first heard this story as a child on the playground during elementary school recess. It was shared between classmates as a spooky urban legend tied to a local location, enhancing the eeriness and making it more believable for children. The real abandoned burger shop added a tangible anchor to the tale.

Analysis:
This legend appears to be a locally adapted variation of cannibalistic folklore, reminiscent of real-life serial killers like Joe Metheny, who allegedly served human flesh in food. The informant suggests that a classmate may have blended true crime details with imagination to create a personalized Bay Area legend. The location-based element (Telegraph Avenue) helps localize the horror and make it culturally relevant for young listeners. This legend functions as both cautionary tale and urban myth, warning of hidden danger beneath everyday appearances.

The Quran-Reading Jinn

Nationality: American
Age: 18
Occupation: Student

Informant Information:

Age: 18
Date of Performance: 4/01/2025
Language: English
Nationality: American
Occupation: University Student
Primary Language: English
Residence: Los Angeles, California

Legend Text:
“Aight so lemme tell you this story I heard from a Sheikh, right? He was talkin’ about this boy who went to some Islamic boarding school. Real quiet dude—didn’t really vibe with nobody. Like, he’d just be sittin’ by himself all the time, barely said a word to anybody. Never played, never joked, nothin’. Just… there.

But here’s where it gets weird. At night, the other boys start hearin’ this scratchin’—like real scratchin’, on the walls, the floor, soundin’ like somethin’ tryna claw its way through or somethin’. And it wasn’t no small sound either—loud enough to wake ‘em up. So they all freak out, runnin’ to the teachers all panicked like, “Yo! There’s somethin’ in the room!” But every time the teachers came, it was just silence. Nothin’ there. No marks, no animals, nothin’.

Now guess who never woke up? That boy. Slept through all of it like a baby. No tossing, no turning—just peaceful as ever, like he ain’t hear nothin’. And that’s when folks started whisperin’—sayin’ maybe he was possessed or some jinn was up in him. But like, they couldn’t prove nothin’, so it was just rumors.

Then one night, one of the teachers starts recitin’ Quran out loud, tryna bless the room or calm folks down or whatever. And boom—the quiet kid just sits up outta nowhere and starts recitin’ too. But the crazy part? He was killin’ it. Like, word-for-word, smooth, no stumbles. Dude was recitin’ like he’d been doin’ it his whole life, maybe even better than the teacher. Everybody just froze. Like, how you doin’ that with no practice, barely even talkin’ during the day?

So now everybody really trippin’. Cuz now they don’t know—is he just mad gifted? Like, maybe God really blessed him with that kind of talent? Or is it somethin’ else? Cuz the way he spoke, man… it ain’t sound regular. It ain’t sound human. Gave folks goosebumps. After that, nobody really knew what to think. Was it a miracle? Or was it the jinn speakin’ through him?”

Context:
The informant is Muslim and heard this story during Ramadan, a spiritually heightened time when discussions of the supernatural are common in Muslim households. She believed it was told to create awe, fear, and moral reflection.

Analysis:
This legend explores the mysterious boundaries between divine giftedness and supernatural interference. The Jinn here is not malevolent in the traditional sense but instead creates confusion around spiritual authenticity. It highlights the complex role Jinns play in Muslim culture—not just as spirits of fear but as beings capable of deep religious knowledge. The setting in a Quranic school emphasizes the sacred nature of the space and the high stakes of interpreting spiritual phenomena.

Blue the Glue Ghost

Nationality: American
Age: 18
Occupation: University Student

Informant Information:

Age: 18
Date of Performance: 3/25/2025
Language: English
Nationality: American
Occupation: University Student
Primary Language: English
Residence: Hayward, California

Text:

“Once upon a time, there was a ghost named Blue who would steal people’s shoes. Every time he did, he left a trail of glue behind. The police followed these sticky clues from house to house and apartment to apartment until, after three weeks of shoe thefts, they finally found Blue. When they caught him, he was released back into the spirit world. And that was the end of Blue.”

Context:

The informant recalled that her mother used to tell her this tale before bed. It served as a form of childhood entertainment and likely helped ease the transition into sleep with its mysterious yet harmless narrative. She believes her mother created the story herself, indicating a form of generational oral creativity.

Analysis:

“Blue the Glue Ghost” functions as a bedtime folktale with mild suspense and whimsical absurdity. It demonstrates the creativity of parental storytelling and the way minor mischief (stealing shoes) is framed through a playful ghost figure. The use of rhyme and alliteration (Blue/glue/clue) adds charm and memorability, making it ideal for oral transmission. Though it lacks the typical “moral” of traditional tales, it emphasizes curiosity and resolution, which keeps children engaged.

Fecal Expressions

Some expressions have a way of perfectly capturing a sentiment with crude efficiency. When thinking about what to collect for this project, I was reminded of our first lecture in class and how we managed to get on the topic of toilet humor and remembered two great examples that my friends love to quote.

  • Version 1: “Does a bear shit in the woods?!”
  • Version 2: “Does the Pope shit in the woods?!”

Both are used in response to an obvious question, a kind of rhetorical jab meant to emphasize just how ridiculous it is to ask in the first place. I actually laugh at how they both have the same quote just with a little twist, even more funny is the fact that they both know of the other version, they just prefer their one over the other.

One of my informants initially heard “Does a bear shit in the woods?!” at summer camp, a natural folklore printer. They recalled older campers saying it to younger ones whenever they asked something obvious:

“I think I first heard it when I asked if we were eating lunch after swimming[something they had already done three days straight], and some older kid hit me with, ‘Does a bear shit in the woods?!’ I was definitely too young to even process what they meant…”

My other informant, on the other hand, swears they picked up “Does the Pope shit in the woods?!” from their dad. I personally believe this as their dad is one of the funniest dads of our friend group and has no filter whatsoever. Although they don’t have an exact recollection of their first encounter with the expression, it was ingrained in their brain enough to make that joke at least once a month.

Both expressions are used in familiar settings—ones where you’re comfortable enough with someone to respond to their obvious question with something ridiculous. There’s an inherent risk in using these because they can come off as crass or even a little aggressive. It’s interesting to reflect upon the fact that my friends instinctively knew it only worked best in close circles, no one ever explicitly told them that they couldn’t say it otherwise, it is just a known fact that these kinds of statements are almost seen as taboo in casual conversation. It only works in situations where there’s an unspoken understanding that humor is at play(with your mates).

Expressions like these rely on shock value and taboo humor. This is typically why you only hear these kinds of jokes or expressions within specific contexts. Crude humor, especially potty/toilet humor, is one of the oldest and most universal forms of comedy. It is easy to understand why as everyone relates to this in some way, whether they like it or not. Toilet humor is inherently human: bodily functions are funny and that is a fact. Folklorists have long noted that humor isn’t just about a good set-up and a well thought-out punchline; it can emerge in irreverent, subversive, and random ways.

Humor has long had the ability to push boundaries and create social bonds. The shock factor in jokes like these is what makes them memorable. They’re designed to make you laugh precisely because they play with expectations, dancing around what can be considered taboo or appropriate. This is the same mechanism behind the formula of “dark humor”, including disaster jokes and internet meme culture.

In Of Corpse: Death and Humor in Folklore and Popular Culture, Christie Davies explores how jokes often emerge in response to tragedy or social discomfort, acting as a form of defiance against rigid norms. Just like disaster jokes challenge how we’re “supposed” to react to tragic events, these fecal expressions challenge conversational norms by responding to simple questions with something wildly inappropriate.

This also explains why phrases like these tend to stay within friend groups, families, or tight-knit communities—they require shared humor and an understanding that the crudeness is part of the joke, not the insult. These communities showcase specific examples of the folk and their lore and give a good example of potential contention between what people find funny.

Expressions and their Etymology

Regional expressions often reveal a lot about the culture and history of the places they originate from. My friend, who was born in Wisconsin and lived there until middle school, shared some of the expressions they grew up with.
When I asked about any distinctive phrases from their childhood, they immediately started listing expressions they had heard growing up in Wisconsin. As the conversation continued, they ended up reflecting on how their understanding of these expressions has evolved over time, especially after moving to California and listening to our expressions. The list they left me with was just a snip-it of their favorites:

  • “When you assume, you make an ass out of u and me.”
  • (In response to an obvious question) “Does a bear shit in the woods?!”
  • “What’s the difference between a buffalo and a bison? You can’t wash your hands in a buffalo.”
  • “You betcha.”
  • “It’s wicked cold.”
  • “That’s a whole ‘nother story.”
  • “Cripes.”

The funniest thing, outside of the shitting bear, was that even just reading these phrases in my head, I could hear them and their Wisconsin accent slipping through. On top of small pronunciation quirks, like saying “roof” as “ruff,” a good chunk of these expressions seemed to carry distinct regional markers that tied them to the Midwest.

While my informant initially thought certain phrases were unique to Wisconsin, or at least etymologically tied there, they later realized that many of them have broader roots. Specifically saying:

“I always thought ‘wicked cold’ was ours [as in, a Midwestern phrase], but after hearing it more, I started to notice a connection to the East Coast. Remember Kennedy [our history teacher—he lived in Philadelphia for most of his life]? … There’s definitely some kind of shared element that links this to whatever its true origin is.”
Expressions like these serve as linguistic time capsules, carrying regional identity, history, and even migration patterns within them. Some of these phrases, like “you betcha” and “cripes,” are deeply Midwestern, reflecting the dialect and cultural quirks of the region. Others, like “wicked cold,” despite being more strongly tied to New England, have still found their way into Midwestern vernacular.

This overlap highlights how language evolves and spreads across different regions, often blurring the lines between what people consider uniquely theirs versus fractured connections that are a part of a larger, more interconnected linguistic tradition. It’s fascinating to see how someone’s perception of language shifts when they move to a new place and realize that what they thought was a local expression might actually have roots elsewhere.

In the end, whether Midwestern, East Coast, or somewhere in between, these expressions serve the same purpose—they bring people together through shared understanding, humor, and a sense of cultural belonging. 

They serve as one of the many subtle distinctions in the plethora of “folk” that make up our shared cultural landscape, showing how language evolves across different regions while still preserving elements of its origins.