Category Archives: Material

Mums

Age: 20

1. Throughout Texas, during highschool homecoming season, girls usually wear large floral arrangements called a “mum”. 

2. This participant, despite not going to high school in Texas, has lots of family living there. She often visits her extended family in Texas, and throughout her many trips to the state has come to learn of this sort of “festival” (if one is to consider homecoming a festival/celebration) ritual through her cousins and their friends, all of whom were fairly close to her age. She herself has never participated in the tradition of wearing a mum, but some of these aforementioned cousins and friends have shown off their own creations and pieces which they wore to homecoming/for homecoming photos. A mum, as the participant described it, is a large floral arrangement that is usually worn around the neck. Sometimes, these arrangements are further embellished through the use of ribbons, tinsel, and other decorative craft materials. The way she sees it, mums are just Texas-sized corsages. The participant believes that this tradition is meant to show off who can achieve or afford the largest display of school spirit. She surmised that it was a tradition rooted in the deeply-entwined love for football – even at the high school level – that is essential to Texas.

3. Interviewer’s Interpretation: Similar to the participant of this interview, I believe that “mums” are a part of a costume ritual meant to display one’s school pride and social status. Given that the mums are worn during homecoming season – a season/celebration that is centered around a specific football game in which traditionally alumni of the school are invited to come and celebrate – it only makes sense that a display of pride is of utmost importance at this time. Not only does it work to boost team morale, but it helps create a sense of community and identity based upon the high school you attend. I think they could probably also be used to communicate social status in a way, as upon looking up images of mums, I found that some of the more extravagant looking ones were absolutely humongous in size, and even included stuffed animals, bejeweled fabrics and ribbons, etc. – all materials that added together could be costly to put together – especially for just a celebration of a football game.

Fresh Paper and New Beginnings: A Mississippi School Ritual

Nationality: American
Age: 73
Occupation: Retired
Residence: Alameda, California

Informant Information:

Age: 73

Date of Performance: 2/26/2025

Language: English

Nationality: American

Occupation: Retired

Primary Language: English

Residence: Alameda, California

Text

“There were lots of customs and rituals around holidays in my family, all of them pretty standard fare. Christmas had a visit from my Aunt and Grandmother bringing coconut cake and boiled custard; Birthdays involved having to share one thing you wanted to do, learn, or have before your next birthday. And the first day of summer vacation involved a fishing trip with our Father. But one that had ritualistic qualities, but no associated holiday, was the trip to the department store to ‘get ready for school.’ It always involved new shoes and clothes, really boring when you are a 10-year-old fidgety boy. But my favorite part was the school supply junket that followed. It was before day packs, so the best thing was the three-ring binder, tricked out with color-coded dividers and little plastic zip-up pockets for pencils and such. As I got a little older, exotic equipment became a part of the ritual, like compasses (with the mandatory warning that it could put an eye out, so ‘be careful, it’s not a toy’), protractors, which seemed to add precision to life that it had lacked before, and even things that had magical properties, like slide rules. All of these were great, but the thing I loved best and still remember was the collection of aromas. New textbooks (in Mississippi, you had to provide your own in 1958), fresh binder paper, and is there anything more heavenly than that smell of a newly opened box of crayons?”

Context

The informant reflects on the many family traditions and rituals they experienced growing up. Many of these rituals were associated with holidays like Christmas, where family members would visit with special treats like coconut cake and boiled custard, or birthdays, which involved sharing personal goals for the year ahead. However, one ritual that stood out for the informant was the back-to-school shopping trip, which had no particular holiday association. Each year, this trip involved buying new clothes and shoes for the school year, which the informant found boring as a 10-year-old boy. However, the school supply shopping afterward became the highlight of the ritual. The informant eagerly anticipated picking out three-ring binders with color-coded dividers, compasses, protractors, and even slide rules. As the informant grew older, the supplies became more complex, symbolizing the increase in academic responsibility. Despite the excitement of the supplies, what remained most memorable were the smells—the fresh textbooks, binder paper, and crayons—that filled the air. These smells symbolized the start of a new chapter, the excitement of a new school year, and the informant’s connection to learning and growth.

Analysis

This ritual highlights how sensory experiences, particularly smell, can create lasting memories and emotional connections. While the back-to-school shopping trip might have seemed mundane to the informant as a young boy, the school supplies became a powerful symbol of new beginnings, knowledge, and growth. The ritual was not just about obtaining physical items; it was about the feelings and anticipation associated with the new school year. The distinct smells of fresh supplies created an almost magical experience for the informant, and these sensory memories helped shape the meaning and significance of the ritual. The ritual also reflects how material items, like school supplies, can carry cultural and personal significance. For the informant, these items represented learning, precision, and creativity. The mention of “magical” slide rules also speaks to the wonder and awe that the informant felt toward these tools as a child. Overall, this ritual became a means of connecting with education and family, reinforcing the idea that even seemingly routine practices can have a profound impact on one’s childhood memories and personal development.

Blessing the Fleet: A Family’s Springtime Tradition

Nationality: American
Age: 73
Occupation: Retired
Residence: Alameda, California

Informant Information:

Age: 73

Date of Performance: 2/26/2025

Language: English

Nationality: American

Occupation: Retired

Primary Language: English

Residence: Alameda, California

Text

“Many of the years of my childhood were spent near the Mississippi Gulf Coast. The region was settled by the French in the early eighteenth century, and their Catholic influence still prevailed in many festivals. Every spring, there was a blessing of the shrimp boat fleet in Bayou La Batre, in the bay near Mobile. We went several times and watched as the local Bishop, in all of his spring regalia—pectoral cross, mitre, and crozier (his staff)—blessed the fleet. My mother adopted the celebration for our family of seafood lovers. On the designated Sunday, she and her friend Ruth would prepare a big feast of fried and boiled shrimp, gumbo, Cajun potato salad, and fresh strawberry shortcake. The “Catholic” way to make the shortcake was not with cake and ice cream, but with seven layers of a large crispy wafer, interspersed with strawberries and topped with whipped cream.

Though we were not Catholic, we would always have Father Ryan at the table, decked out in his finest French Cassock to offer the blessing and, of course, stay for the meal. Most of the time, Father Ryan was known to us as “Tim,” one of my father’s Friday night poker buddies, who never even had a collar on then, much less the cassock. Afterwards, we sang some fun songs that I always thought had something to do with the shrimp boats, as there were lyrics about seamen, stormy nights, and high-seas adventures. Later in life, I discovered that these were traditional sea shanties that were just put into service for the blessing festival. I guess there aren’t a lot of songs about shrimp boats.”

Context

The informant grew up on the Mississippi Gulf Coast, where the French Catholic influence lingered in the community and shaped local traditions. One key tradition was the blessing of the shrimp boat fleet in Bayou La Batre, an event that became central to the informant’s family celebrations. Despite not being Catholic, the informant’s mother embraced the spirit of the festival and made it her own by preparing a lavish seafood feast, inspired by the flavors of the region. The presence of Father Ryan, who was also a close family friend, added an extra layer of warmth to the tradition. Father Ryan, often known to the family as “Tim,” would wear his cassock, a long, close-fitting black robe traditionally worn by Catholic clergy during religious ceremonies. This garment, which typically reaches the ankles and is a symbol of his clerical status, added a sense of formality to the celebration. The informant’s family would gather around the table for the blessing and feast, sharing in the joy of the event. After the meal, they sang traditional sea shanties, songs originally associated with sailors, that were adapted for the occasion. These playful tunes, centered on themes of seafaring, storms, and adventure, became part of the family’s unique celebration of the shrimp boat blessing. The informant’s family embraced the blending of community and personal rituals, transforming the tradition into something special for their own family.

Analysis

This celebration reflects the intersection of cultural influence, local customs, and familial bonding. The Catholic tradition of blessing the shrimp boat fleet becomes a fusion of community and personal ritual, as the informant’s mother adapts the event to fit their family’s love for seafood. By incorporating Father Ryan into the meal, the family also bridges the gap between the religious and the secular, celebrating with a blend of formality and familiarity. The food itself, deeply rooted in the region’s seafood culture, becomes more than just sustenance—it serves as a connection to the environment and a symbol of the family’s traditions. The sea shanties, originally created for sailors, offer a playful connection to the world of shrimping, and the informant’s discovery that they were traditional songs only enhances the sense of communal heritage. The family’s adaptation of the blessing, complete with a festive meal and singing, shows how traditions can be transformed and passed down, enriching family life and reinforcing connections to both the past and the present.

Christmas Eve Festival: A Jewish Family’s Holiday Celebration in Northern California

Nationality: American
Age: 63
Occupation: Retired
Residence: Alameda, California
Language: English

Informant Information:

Age: 63

Date of Performance: 2/18/2025

Language: English

Nationality: American

Occupation: Retired

Primary Language: English

Residence: Alameda, California

Text

“I grew up in the East Bay, and we didn’t have any family here except my immediate family. The rest lived on the East Coast. For Christmas Eve, we celebrated with, I think, five different families. Every year, it was always the same. My parents were in charge of bringing mulled wine, which is hot wine that you make by buying a gallon of cheap wine and heating it up with a cinnamon stick and raisins. It would warm up, and the flavors would mix together. I don’t know why that was the drink for our family to bring every year, but each family had to bring the same thing every year. Then, there was this amazing crocodile bread we had to bring. It was probably about three feet long, and there was a bakery in Berkeley that made this bread once a year for Christmas Eve. The bread had an open mouth, a long body, a tail, and frosting for teeth, eyes, and nostrils—it looked like a crocodile! That bread was the special Christmas food we always brought. We would go to a house in Oakland that was decked out with Christmas decorations, and the hostess, who hadn’t been raised with Christmas traditions, still threw a big Christmas party. She would bake endless types of Christmas cookies—so many different kinds! There was always a big ham, and after we ate, we’d sing the same Christmas carols every year. There were five different families, and people came from all sorts of places. Someone played guitar, and my dad, who didn’t have the best singing voice—our parents were Jewish—knew every Christmas carol ever written! He knew every single verse. We think it was because they sang Christmas carols in schools, or it could be because there were so many Irish people in his hometown on the East Coast, and they probably taught him the songs. But he loved Christmas carols—he loved everything about Christmas!”

Context:

For the informant, Christmas Eve was not just a holiday—it was an annual festival of community, food, and music. Growing up in the East Bay with most of her family on the East Coast, her family would celebrate Christmas Eve with five different families, creating a diverse, multicultural gathering. This festive evening was packed with an array of unique foods and drinks, and every family contributed to the event. Among the distinctive offerings were mulled wine sweet, warming, and aromatic and the ever-popular crocodile bread from a Berkeley bakery, which added a whimsical touch to the festivities.

The gathering was an immersive celebration of tradition. The event took place in a house in Oakland that was elaborately decorated for Christmas, creating a magical atmosphere for all the guests. Despite the hostess not being raised with Christmas traditions, she embraced the celebration with enthusiasm, baking a variety of cookies and ensuring the spirit of Christmas filled the home. The annual singing of Christmas carols, led by the informant’s father, was the heart of the festival. Though their parents were Jewish, the informant’s family had adopted this holiday celebration, seamlessly blending cultural and familial practices to create a unique tradition that persisted for years.

Analysis

This Christmas Eve celebration embodied the essence of a festive community gathering. More than just a holiday meal, it was an annual ritual where food, music, and tradition blended to create a joyful experience. The mulled wine and crocodile bread became emblematic of this celebration—a fusion of local flavors and whimsical traditions that felt both festive and personal. These foods carried a sense of belonging, offering a taste of Northern California’s regional character and the informant’s own family’s unique take on the holiday.

The Christmas carol singing, led by the informant’s father, turned this gathering into a communal festival, where even those with no formal musical training became part of the celebration. The ritual of singing carols deeply familiar to the informant’s father due to his East Coast upbringing added a layer of cultural continuity, connecting their family’s present-day traditions with his childhood memories. This annual event wasn’t just about food or carols; it was a coming together of families from different backgrounds, all participating in the festive spirit and creating their own hybrid celebration of Christmas.

What stands out about this tradition is the blending of cultural influences. The informant’s Jewish family adopted aspects of a Christian holiday, transforming it into a vibrant, inter-generational festival that created new customs that reflected the informant’s family’s diverse community and personal history. This tradition illustrates the power of food, music, and togetherness to shape a family’s identity and how rituals evolve and adapt to new contexts, reinforcing the importance of community and connection during the holiday season.

California Lemon Ritual: Visiting Family On The East Coast

Nationality: American
Age: 63
Occupation: Retired
Residence: Alameda, California

Informant Information

Age: 63

Date of Performance: 2/18/2025

Language: English

Nationality: American

Occupation: Retired

Primary Language: English

Residence: Alameda, California

Text

“If you grew up in California and all your family lives on the East Coast, you grow a lemon tree. When you visit family there, you bring lemons because it’s very exotic because you can’t grow lemons on the East Coast. You put them in a bag and then pack them in your suitcase. Eventually, some family members began visiting us on the West Coast when they got older, and they’d pick their own lemons from our lemon tree. I have a lemon tree in my backyard as a present for my husband because he’s from the South, and you also can’t grow lemons there.”

Context

The informant was born and raised in California, while her extended family remained on the East Coast. Her parents were originally from the East Coast, and she made frequent visits throughout her life. As part of those visits, she carried a seemingly simple but meaningful gift — fresh California lemons. This act became ritualized within her family, rooted in the regional differences in agriculture and climate. Lemons, while technically possible to grow in parts of the East and South, are far more common and thriving in California’s mild climate. In colder or more humid regions, lemon trees are vulnerable to environmental damage and rarely flourish.

For her family, receiving these lemons symbolized a piece of California, a vibrant, fragrant token of the West Coast lifestyle. When family members later visited her in California, they cherished the opportunity to pick lemons from her tree themselves. The ritual became a two-way cultural exchange, a reflection of rootedness and connection to place. Later, she planted a lemon tree in her own backyard as a housewarming gift to her Southern-born husband, making the tree not only a familial tradition but also a personal and romantic gesture.

Analysis

This lemon-gifting ritual illustrates how everyday items can carry deep cultural and emotional meaning, especially across geographic boundaries. What begins as a practical act of bringing fresh produce to family transforms into a ritual that marks identity, nostalgia, and care. The lemon tree functions as a living symbol of California, and its fruit becomes a physical expression of home, warmth, and abundance.

The act of transporting lemons across coasts shows the significance of regional differences in agricultural production while also emphasizing how natural resources can become symbolic commodities in family relationships. The ritual communicates more than just gift-giving. It speaks to the longing for home, the pride in one’s origin, and the desire to share that with loved ones who live far away. Furthermore, the informant’s continuation of the tradition by planting her own tree and offering it as a gift to her husband reflects how rituals evolve to include new meanings. The lemon tree is now both a bridge to her past and a symbol of unity in her marriage, showing how folklore adapts to new contexts while preserving its emotional roots.